MS. AIMEE ELIZABETH SPRAGUE
Prescription History 1982929022
Nurse Practitioner - Psychiatric/Mental Health in Portland, OR

Active since April 01, 2010PECOS Enrolled
33 NW BROADWAY, PORTLAND, OR 97209(503) 228-7134 Get Directions

NPPES record last updated: February 6, 2025. Verified against the NPPES registry weekly; last sync: July 19, 2026.

Record update history: Feb 6, 2025, Jan 26, 2022 (2 updates tracked since 2022).

Medicare Part D Prescription History

Explore the verified Medicare Part D prescription history, volume metrics, and calculated drug costs for MS. AIMEE ELIZABETH SPRAGUE, an active Psychiatric/Mental Health specialist practicing in Portland, OR. Our medical registry currently tracks 26 unique pharmaceutical formulations prescribed by this provider, representing an estimated volume of 614 documented patient claims. Among these therapy options, the most frequently utilized medication is Clonazepam, which accounts for 57 claims alone. Use the table below to sort by claims, cost, or utilization compared with the state average; select any medication for its full profile.

26
Medications
614
Total Claims
778
30-Day Fills
Clonazepam
Most Prescribed · 57 claims
View details
26 medications · 2023 Medicare Part D
Medicare Part D medications prescribed by MS. AIMEE ELIZABETH SPRAGUE in 2023, with claim volumes, costs, and OR state comparisons
Medication Claims 30-Day Fills Days Supply Cost / Claim Utilization vs OR Avg

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
57
OR average
39.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$4.14
OR average
$9.23

This provider's average cost per claim is below the OR average for this medication.

57.0
30-Day Fills
1,579
Days Supply

About Clonazepam: Clonazepam is used to prevent and control seizures. Show more ▾

This medication is known as an anticonvulsant or antiepileptic drug. It is also used to treat panic attacks. Clonazepam works by calming your brain and nerves. It belongs to a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
56
OR average
42.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$10.02
OR average
$18.27

This provider's average cost per claim is below the OR average for this medication.

80.1
30-Day Fills
2,362
Days Supply

About Lamotrigine: Lamotrigine is used alone or with other medications to prevent and control seizures. Show more ▾

It may also be used to help prevent the extreme mood swings of bipolar disorder in adults. Lamotrigine is known as an anticonvulsant or antiepileptic drug. It is thought to work by restoring the balance of certain natural substances in the brain. This drug is not approved for use in children younger than 2 years due to an increased risk of side effects (such as infections). A phenyltriazine compound, sodium and calcium channel blocker that is used for the treatment of SEIZURES and BIPOLAR DISORDER.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
49
OR average
41.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$19.72
OR average
$30.20

This provider's average cost per claim is below the OR average for this medication.

49.0
30-Day Fills
1,357
Days Supply

About Olanzapine: Olanzapine is used to treat certain mental/mood conditions (such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder). Show more ▾

It may also be used in combination with other medication to treat depression. This medication can help to decrease hallucinations and help you to think more clearly and positively about yourself, feel less agitated, and take a more active part in everyday life. Olanzapine belongs to a class of drugs called atypical antipsychotics. It works by helping to restore the balance of certain natural substances in the brain. Talk to the doctor about the risks and benefits of treatment (especially when used by teenagers). See also Precautions section. A benzodiazepine derivative that binds SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTORS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-1 RECEPTORS; and DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. It is an antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER; and MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; it may also reduce nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
40
OR average
41.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$8.30
OR average
$30.38

This provider's average cost per claim is below the OR average for this medication.

45.2
30-Day Fills
1,301
Days Supply

About Quetiapine Fumarate: This medication is used to treat certain mental/mood conditions (such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, sudden episodes of mania or depression associated with bipolar disorder). Show more ▾

Quetiapine is known as an anti-psychotic drug (atypical type). It works by helping to restore the balance of certain natural substances (neurotransmitters) in the brain. This medication can decrease hallucinations and improve your concentration. It helps you to think more clearly and positively about yourself, feel less nervous, and take a more active part in everyday life. It may also improve your mood, sleep, appetite, and energy level. Quetiapine can help prevent severe mood swings or decrease how often mood swings occur. A dibenzothiazepine and ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT that targets the SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTOR; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR, adrenergic alpha1 and alpha2 receptors, as well as the DOPAMINE D1 RECEPTOR and DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTOR. It is used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER and DEPRESSIVE DISORDER.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
36
OR average
61.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$23.38
OR average
$14.47

Gross Part D cost per claim; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

53.7
30-Day Fills
1,574
Days Supply

About Trazodone Hcl: This medication is used to treat depression. Show more ▾

It may help to improve your mood, appetite, and energy level as well as decrease anxiety and insomnia related to depression. Trazodone works by helping to restore the balance of a certain natural chemical (serotonin) in the brain.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
34
OR average
35.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$165.52
OR average
$38.50

Gross Part D cost per claim; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

60.0
30-Day Fills
1,800
Days Supply

About Bupropion Xl: Bupropion is used to treat depression. Show more ▾

It can improve your mood and feelings of well-being. It may work by helping to restore the balance of certain natural chemicals (neurotransmitters) in your brain.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

No state benchmark is available for this medication.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

$111.33
Provider cost/claim

Gross Part D cost per claim; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

43.2
30-Day Fills
1,263
Days Supply

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
26
OR average
35.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$148.24
OR average
$117.05

Gross Part D cost per claim; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

34.0
30-Day Fills
1,020
Days Supply

About Aripiprazole: Aripiprazole is used to treat certain mental/mood disorders (such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, Tourette's syndrome, and irritability associated with autistic disorder). Show more ▾

It may also be used in combination with other medication to treat depression. Aripiprazole is known as an antipsychotic drug (atypical type). It works by helping to restore the balance of certain natural chemicals in the brain (neurotransmitters). This medication can decrease hallucinations and improve your concentration. It helps you to think more clearly and positively about yourself, feel less nervous, and take a more active part in everyday life. Aripiprazole can treat severe mood swings and decrease how often mood swings occur. A piperazine and quinolone derivative that is used primarily as an antipsychotic agent. It is a partial agonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT1A and DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS, where it also functions as a post-synaptic antagonist, and an antagonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT2A. It is used for the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA and BIPOLAR DISORDER, and as an adjunct therapy for the treatment of depression.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
25
OR average
29.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$17.55
OR average
$32.79

This provider's average cost per claim is below the OR average for this medication.

38.3
30-Day Fills
1,150
Days Supply

About Venlafaxine Hcl Er: Venlafaxine is used to treat depression, anxiety, panic attacks, and social anxiety disorder (social phobia). Show more ▾

It may improve your mood and energy level and may help restore your interest in daily living. It may also decrease fear, anxiety, unwanted thoughts, and the number of panic attacks. Venlafaxine is known as a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). It works by helping to restore the balance of certain natural substances (serotonin and norepinephrine) in the brain.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
24
OR average
33.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$8.53
OR average
$26.99

This provider's average cost per claim is below the OR average for this medication.

24.0
30-Day Fills
655
Days Supply

About Mirtazapine: Mirtazapine is used to treat depression. Show more ▾

It improves mood and feelings of well-being. Mirtazapine is an antidepressant that works by restoring the balance of natural chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain. A piperazinoazepine tetracyclic compound that enhances the release of NOREPINEPHRINE and SEROTONIN through blockage of presynaptic ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It also blocks both 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors and is a potent HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used for the treatment of depression, and may also be useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
22
OR average
36.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$2.61
OR average
$7.03

This provider's average cost per claim is below the OR average for this medication.

22.0
30-Day Fills
530
Days Supply

About Lorazepam: This medication is used to treat serious seizures that do not stop (status epilepticus). Show more ▾

It is also used before surgeries or procedures to cause drowsiness, decrease anxiety, and cause forgetfulness about the procedure or surgery. Lorazepam belongs to a class of medications called benzodiazepines, which produce a calming effect on the brain and nerves (central nervous system). It is thought to work by increasing the effect of a certain natural chemical (GABA) in the brain. A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
19
OR average
21.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$11.73
OR average
$62.75

This provider's average cost per claim is below the OR average for this medication.

21.0
30-Day Fills
630
Days Supply

About Guanfacine Hcl Er: This medication is used alone or with other medications to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). Show more ▾

Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Guanfacine acts in the brain. It decreases certain nerve signals from the brain to the blood vessels and the heart. This causes the blood vessels to relax so that blood can flow more easily and also slows the heart rate. These effects help to lower blood pressure.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
19
OR average
50.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$7.57
OR average
$13.01

This provider's average cost per claim is below the OR average for this medication.

19.0
30-Day Fills
525
Days Supply

About Sertraline Hcl: Sertraline is used to treat depression, panic attacks, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, social anxiety disorder (social phobia), and a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (premenstrual dysphoric disorder). Show more ▾

This medication may improve your mood, sleep, appetite, and energy level and may help restore your interest in daily living. It may decrease fear, anxiety, unwanted thoughts, and the number of panic attacks. It may also reduce the urge to perform repeated tasks (compulsions such as hand-washing, counting, and checking) that interfere with daily living. Sertraline is known as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). It works by helping to restore the balance of a certain natural substance (serotonin) in the brain.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
18
OR average
39.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$18.76
OR average
$18.60

Gross Part D cost per claim; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

34.0
30-Day Fills
1,020
Days Supply

About Donepezil Hcl: Donepezil is used to treat confusion (dementia) related to Alzheimer's disease. Show more ▾

It does not cure Alzheimer's disease, but it may improve memory, awareness, and the ability to function. This medication is an enzyme blocker that works by restoring the balance of natural substances (neurotransmitters) in the brain.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
17
OR average
27.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$50.40
OR average
$95.98

This provider's average cost per claim is below the OR average for this medication.

17.0
30-Day Fills
498
Days Supply

About Ziprasidone Hcl: This medication is used to treat certain mental/mood disorders (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder). Show more ▾

This medication can decrease hallucinations and help you to think more clearly and positively about yourself, feel less agitated, and take a more active part in everyday life. Ziprasidone belongs to a class of drugs called atypical antipsychotics. It works by helping to restore the balance of certain natural substances in the brain.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
17
OR average
23.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$4.26
OR average
$10.09

This provider's average cost per claim is below the OR average for this medication.

17.0
30-Day Fills
510
Days Supply

About Lithium Carbonate: This medication is used to treat manic-depressive disorder (bipolar disorder). Show more ▾

It works to stabilize the mood and reduce extremes in behavior by restoring the balance of certain natural substances (neurotransmitters) in the brain. Some of the benefits of continued use of this medication include decreasing how often manic episodes occur and decreasing the symptoms of manic episodes, such as exaggerated feelings of well-being, feelings that others wish to harm you, irritability, anxiousness, rapid/loud speech, and aggressive/hostile behaviors. A lithium salt, classified as a mood-stabilizing agent. Lithium ion alters the metabolism of BIOGENIC MONOAMINES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, and affects multiple neurotransmission systems.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
16
OR average
20.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$30.24
OR average
$19.47

Gross Part D cost per claim; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

18.5
30-Day Fills
555
Days Supply

About Nortriptyline Hcl: This medication is used to treat mental/mood problems such as depression. Show more ▾

It may help improve mood and feelings of well-being, relieve anxiety and tension, and increase your energy level. This medication belongs to a class of medications called tricyclic antidepressants. It works by affecting the balance of certain natural chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
13
OR average
17.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$7,956.70
OR average
$7,621.47

Gross Part D cost per claim; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

13.0
30-Day Fills
390
Days Supply

About Ingrezza: Valbenazine is used to treat involuntary movements of the face, tongue, or other body parts (tardive dyskinesia). Show more ▾

This medication is thought to work by decreasing the amount of certain natural substances in the brain that affect how your nerves and muscles work (monoamines such as dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine).

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
13
OR average
38.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$16.24
OR average
$15.17

Gross Part D cost per claim; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

29.3
30-Day Fills
880
Days Supply

About Escitalopram Oxalate: Escitalopram is used to treat depression and anxiety. Show more ▾

It works by helping to restore the balance of a certain natural substance (serotonin) in the brain. Escitalopram belongs to a class of drugs known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). It may improve your energy level and feelings of well-being and decrease nervousness. S-enantiomer of CITALOPRAM. Belongs to a class of drugs known as SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS, used to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
12
OR average
27.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$37.62
OR average
$85.65

This provider's average cost per claim is below the OR average for this medication.

12.0
30-Day Fills
338
Days Supply

About Perphenazine: This medication is used to treat certain mental/mood disorders (such as schizophrenia, manic phase of bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder). Show more ▾

This medicine helps you to think more clearly, feel less nervous, and take part in everyday life. It can reduce aggressive behavior and the desire to hurt yourself/others. It may also help to decrease hallucinations (such as hearing/seeing things that are not there). Perphenazine is a psychiatric medication (antipsychotic-type) that works by helping to restore the balance of certain natural substances (such as dopamine) in the brain. An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
12
OR average
30.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$47.25
OR average
$44.94

Gross Part D cost per claim; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

22.5
30-Day Fills
675
Days Supply

About Prazosin Hcl: Prazosin is used with or without other medications to treat high blood pressure. Show more ▾

Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Prazosin belongs to a class of medications called alpha blockers. It works by relaxing and widening blood vessels so blood can flow more easily. A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
12
OR average
18.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$778.98
OR average
$561.78

Gross Part D cost per claim; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

20.0
30-Day Fills
600
Days Supply

About Trintellix: This medication is used to treat depression. Show more ▾

It works by helping to restore the balance of a certain natural substance (serotonin) in the brain. Vortioxetine is an SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) and serotonin receptor modulator. This medication may improve your mood, sleep, appetite, and energy level and may help restore your interest in daily living. A piperazine derivative that acts as a serotonin reuptake inhibitor, as a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, and 5-HT1A receptor agonist. It is used for the treatment of anxiety and depression.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
11
OR average
24.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$9.87
OR average
$28.96

This provider's average cost per claim is below the OR average for this medication.

11.0
30-Day Fills
210
Days Supply

About Propranolol Hcl: This formulation of propranolol is used for infants and children to treat a certain benign tumor (proliferating infantile hemangioma). Show more ▾

It helps to shrink the tumor. Propranolol belongs to a class of drugs known as beta blockers.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
11
OR average
20.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$11.33
OR average
$34.45

This provider's average cost per claim is below the OR average for this medication.

11.0
30-Day Fills
330
Days Supply

About Methylphenidate Hcl: This medication is used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD. Show more ▾

It works by changing the amounts of certain natural substances in the brain. Methylphenidate belongs to a class of drugs known as stimulants. It can help increase your ability to pay attention, stay focused on an activity, and control behavior problems. It may also help you to organize your tasks and improve listening skills.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
11
OR average
37.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$19.50
OR average
$16.38

Gross Part D cost per claim; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

15.0
30-Day Fills
444
Days Supply

About Risperidone: Risperidone is used to treat a certain mental/mood disorder called schizophrenia. Show more ▾

This medication can decrease hallucinations, help you to think more clearly and positively about yourself, feel less agitated, and take a more active part in everyday life. Risperidone is an antipsychotic drug (atypical type). It works by helping to restore the balance of certain natural substances in the brain. A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has been shown to improve both positive and negative symptoms in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.

Utilization: claims vs the average OR prescriber

This provider
11
OR average
27.0

Averages are among OR prescribers of this medication. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

Cost per claim: this provider vs the OR average

This provider
$9.71
OR average
$19.22

This provider's average cost per claim is below the OR average for this medication.

11.0
30-Day Fills
312
Days Supply

About Topiramate: Topiramate is used alone or with other medications to prevent and control seizures (epilepsy). Show more ▾

This medication is also used to prevent migraine headaches and decrease how often you get them. Topiramate will not treat a migraine headache once it occurs. If you get a migraine headache, treat it as directed by your doctor (such as by taking pain medication, lying down in a dark room). Topiramate is known as an anticonvulsant or antiepileptic drug. A sulfamate-substituted fructose analog that was originally identified as a hypoglycemic agent. It is used for the treatment of EPILEPSY and MIGRAINE DISORDERS, and may also promote weight loss.

No medications match the current filters.
Top Prescribed= this provider's 5 highest-utilization medications. Above Avg. Typical Below Avg.= utilization vs the average OR prescriber of the same drug; volume reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.Green cost= below the OR average cost per claim.

About this data. The prescription history for MS. AIMEE ELIZABETH SPRAGUE is compiled from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Medicare Part D Prescriber Public Use File for calendar year 2023, the most recent federal release. Figures cover prescriptions filled for Medicare Part D beneficiaries only; prescriptions under private insurance, Medicaid, or self-pay plans are not included. Because prescribing decisions are generally consistent across coverage types, this record offers a useful view of the overall Psychiatric/Mental Health prescribing approach at this Portland, OR practice.

Reading the costs. Drug costs are gross amounts paid to pharmacies under Part D, including both plan and beneficiary payments. They are not the price a patient pays at the pharmacy counter. Medications with fewer than 11 claims are excluded from the federal source data, and state comparisons use the average volume among OR prescribers of the same medication. Always confirm current medications and costs directly with the provider and your plan.