BHUPENDAR TAYAL
Prescription History 1821668310
Internal Medicine - Cardiovascular Disease in Houston, TX

Active since June 28, 2021PECOS EnrolledAccepts Medicare Assignment
79.48/100
CMS Quality Rating
6565 FANNIN STREET, HOUSTON METHODIST HOSPITAL, HOUSTON, TX 77030(346) 238-5038 Get Directions

NPPES record last updated: February 12, 2025. Verified against the NPPES registry weekly; last sync: October 11, 2026.

Record update history: Feb 12, 2025, Jun 28, 2021 (2 updates tracked since 2021).

Medicare Part D Prescription History

Explore the verified Medicare Part D prescription history, volume metrics, and calculated drug costs for BHUPENDAR TAYAL, an active Cardiovascular Disease specialist practicing in Houston, TX. Our medical registry currently tracks 17 unique pharmaceutical formulations prescribed by this provider, representing an estimated volume of 560 documented patient claims. Among these therapy options, the most frequently utilized medication is Atorvastatin Calcium, which accounts for 80 claims alone. Use the table below to sort by claims, cost, or utilization compared with the state average; select any medication for its full profile.

17
Medications
560
Total Claims
1,256
30-Day Fills
Atorvastatin Calcium
Most Prescribed · 80 claims
View details
17 medications · 2024 Medicare Part D
Medicare Part D medications prescribed by BHUPENDAR TAYAL in 2024, with prescription volumes, average cost per fill, and TX state comparisons
Medication Prescriptions (2024)Rx (2024) Avg Cost per FillCost / Fill Vs. Other TX PrescribersVs. TX Avg

About Atorvastatin Calcium: Atorvastatin is used along with a proper diet to help lower "bad" cholesterol and fats (such as LDL, triglycerides) and raise "good" cholesterol (HDL) in the blood. Show more ▾

It belongs to a group of drugs known as "statins." It works by reducing the amount of cholesterol made by the liver. Lowering "bad" cholesterol and triglycerides and raising "good" cholesterol decreases the risk of heart disease and helps prevent strokes and heart attacks. In addition to eating a proper diet (such as a low-cholesterol/low-fat diet), other lifestyle changes that may help this medication work better include exercising, losing weight if overweight, and stopping smoking. Consult your doctor for more details. A pyrrole and heptanoic acid derivative, HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR (statin), and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that is used to reduce serum levels of LDL-CHOLESTEROL; APOLIPOPROTEIN B; and TRIGLYCERIDES. It is used to increase serum levels of HDL-CHOLESTEROL in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS, and for the prevention of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES in patients with multiple risk factors.

In 2024, this provider wrote 80 Medicare prescriptions for Atorvastatin Calcium, about half the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (180.4). Medicare paid an average of $8.56 per fill, versus $9.48 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
80
TX average
180.4

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$8.56
TX average
$9.48

This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication.

215.8
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
6,475
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Metoprolol Succinate: This medication is a beta-blocker used to treat chest pain (angina), heart failure, and high blood pressure. Show more ▾

Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. This drug works by blocking the action of certain natural chemicals in your body (such as epinephrine) that affect the heart and blood vessels. This lowers heart rate, blood pressure, and strain on the heart. A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.

In 2024, this provider wrote 65 Medicare prescriptions for Metoprolol Succinate, about 64% of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (100.9). Medicare paid an average of $5.93 per fill, versus $14.00 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
65
TX average
100.9

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$5.93
TX average
$14.00

This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication.

129
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
3,842
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Amlodipine Besylate: Amlodipine is used with or without other medications to treat high blood pressure. Show more ▾

Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Amlodipine belongs to a class of drugs known as calcium channel blockers. It works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow more easily. Amlodipine is also used to prevent certain types of chest pain (angina). It may help to increase your ability to exercise and decrease the frequency of angina attacks. It should not be used to treat attacks of chest pain when they occur. Use other medications (such as sublingual nitroglycerin) to relieve attacks of chest pain as directed by your doctor. A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.

In 2024, this provider wrote 50 Medicare prescriptions for Amlodipine Besylate, about a third of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (132.9). Medicare paid an average of $4.55 per fill, versus $6.07 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
50
TX average
132.9

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$4.55
TX average
$6.07

This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication.

130.8
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
3,925
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Losartan Potassium: Losartan is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and to help protect the kidneys from damage due to diabetes. Show more ▾

It is also used to lower the risk of strokes in patients with high blood pressure and an enlarged heart. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Losartan belongs to a class of drugs called angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). It works by relaxing blood vessels so that blood can flow more easily. An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.

In 2024, this provider wrote 46 Medicare prescriptions for Losartan Potassium, about a third of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (111.1). Medicare paid an average of $4.65 per fill, versus $9.74 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
46
TX average
111.1

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$4.65
TX average
$9.74

This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication.

126.3
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
3,790
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Spironolactone: Spironolactone is used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. Show more ▾

Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. It is also used to treat swelling (edema) caused by certain conditions (such as heart failure, liver disease) by removing excess fluid and improving symptoms such as breathing problems. This medication is also used to treat conditions in which the body is making too much of a natural substance (aldosterone). Spironolactone is known as a "water pill" (potassium-sparing diuretic). A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827)

In 2024, this provider wrote 43 Medicare prescriptions for Spironolactone, about the same volume as the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (44.1). Medicare paid an average of $5.79 per fill, versus $9.03 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
43
TX average
44.1

This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$5.79
TX average
$9.03

This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication.

96
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
2,880
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Carvedilol: Carvedilol is used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. Show more ▾

It is also used after a heart attack to improve the chance of survival if your heart is not pumping well. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. This drug works by blocking the action of certain natural substances in your body, such as epinephrine, on the heart and blood vessels. This effect lowers your heart rate, blood pressure, and strain on your heart. Carvedilol belongs to a class of drugs known as alpha and beta blockers. A carbazole and propanol derivative that acts as a non-cardioselective beta blocker and vasodilator. It has blocking activity for ALPHA 1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and, at higher doses, may function as a blocker of CALCIUM CHANNELS; it also has antioxidant properties. Carvedilol is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION; ANGINA PECTORIS; and HEART FAILURE. It can also reduce the risk of death following MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

In 2024, this provider wrote 38 Medicare prescriptions for Carvedilol, about half the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (70.7). Medicare paid an average of $6.07 per fill, versus $8.22 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
38
TX average
70.7

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$6.07
TX average
$8.22

This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication.

99
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
2,970
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Clopidogrel: Clopidogrel is used to prevent heart attacks and strokes in persons with heart disease (recent heart attack), recent stroke, or blood circulation disease (peripheral vascular disease). Show more ▾

It is also used with aspirin to treat new/worsening chest pain (new heart attack, unstable angina) and to keep blood vessels open and prevent blood clots after certain procedures (such as cardiac stent). Clopidogrel works by blocking platelets from sticking together and prevents them from forming harmful clots. It is an antiplatelet drug. It helps keep blood flowing smoothly in your body. A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic P2Y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used to prevent THROMBOEMBOLISM in patients with ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; STROKE; or ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.

In 2024, this provider wrote 38 Medicare prescriptions for Clopidogrel, about half the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (64.4). Medicare paid an average of $7.84 per fill, versus $11.09 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
38
TX average
64.4

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$7.84
TX average
$11.09

This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication.

75
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
2,232
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Eliquis: Apixaban is used to prevent serious blood clots from forming due to a certain irregular heartbeat (atrial fibrillation) or after hip/knee replacement surgery. Show more ▾

With atrial fibrillation, part of the heart does not beat the way it should. This can lead to blood clots forming, which can travel to other parts of your body (such as the lungs or legs) or increase your risk for stroke. In the United States, apixaban is also approved to treat certain types of blood clots (deep vein thrombosis-DVT, pulmonary embolus-PE) and to prevent them from forming again. Apixaban is an anticoagulant that works by blocking certain clotting proteins in your blood. An antithrombotic agent.

In 2024, this provider wrote 33 Medicare prescriptions for Eliquis, about a third of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (81.5). Medicare paid an average of $965.43 per fill, versus $870.72 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
33
TX average
81.5

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$965.43
TX average
$870.72

Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

56
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
1,655
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Furosemide: Furosemide is used to reduce extra fluid in the body (edema) caused by conditions such as heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disease. Show more ▾

This can lessen symptoms such as shortness of breath and swelling in your arms, legs, and abdomen. This drug is also used to treat high blood pressure. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Furosemide is a "water pill" (diuretic) that causes you to make more urine. This helps your body get rid of extra water and salt. A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.

In 2024, this provider wrote 33 Medicare prescriptions for Furosemide, about half the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (77.5). Medicare paid an average of $3.40 per fill, versus $5.09 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
33
TX average
77.5

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$3.40
TX average
$5.09

This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication.

57.8
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
1,679
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Isosorbide Mononitrate Er: Isosorbide mononitrate is used to prevent chest pain (angina) in patients with a certain heart condition (coronary artery disease). Show more ▾

This medication belongs to a class of drugs known as nitrates. It works by relaxing and widening blood vessels so blood can flow more easily to the heart. This medication will not relieve chest pain once it occurs. Also, it is not intended to be taken just before physical activities (such as exercise or sexual intercourse) to prevent chest pain. Other medications may be prescribed by your doctor for these conditions. Consult your doctor for more details. For prevention of angina pectoris; a Russian drug.

In 2024, this provider wrote 28 Medicare prescriptions for Isosorbide Mononitrate Er, about 66% of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (42.6). Medicare paid an average of $10.58 per fill, versus $11.85 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
28
TX average
42.6

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$10.58
TX average
$11.85

This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication.

63
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
1,814
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Lisinopril: Lisinopril is used to treat high blood pressure. Show more ▾

Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. It is also used to treat heart failure and to improve survival after a heart attack. Lisinopril belongs to a class of drugs known as ACE inhibitors. It works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow more easily. One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.

In 2024, this provider wrote 22 Medicare prescriptions for Lisinopril, about a quarter of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (107.9). Medicare paid an average of $2.93 per fill, versus $7.09 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
22
TX average
107.9

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$2.93
TX average
$7.09

This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication.

34
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
1,012
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Metoprolol Tartrate: Metoprolol is used with or without other medications to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). Show more ▾

Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. This medication is also used to treat chest pain (angina) and to improve survival after a heart attack. Metoprolol belongs to a class of drugs known as beta blockers. It works by blocking the action of certain natural chemicals in your body, such as epinephrine, on the heart and blood vessels. This effect lowers the heart rate, blood pressure, and strain on the heart. A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.

In 2024, this provider wrote 21 Medicare prescriptions for Metoprolol Tartrate, about a third of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (58.5). Medicare paid an average of $3.40 per fill, versus $6.73 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
21
TX average
58.5

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$3.40
TX average
$6.73

This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication.

47.3
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
1,192
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Xarelto: Rivaroxaban is used to prevent blood clots from forming due to a certain irregular heartbeat (atrial fibrillation) or after hip or knee replacement surgery. Show more ▾

It is also used to prevent blood clots from forming in high-risk patients with limited mobility during their hospital stay and after discharge. In addition, rivaroxaban is used to treat blood clots (such as in deep vein thrombosis-DVT or pulmonary embolus-PE) and to prevent the blood clots from forming again. Rivaroxaban may be used in children to prevent blood clots from forming after a certain heart surgery (Fontan procedure). Rivaroxaban is an anticoagulant that works by blocking certain clotting proteins in your blood. A morpholine and thiophene derivative that functions as a FACTOR XA INHIBITOR and is used in the treatment and prevention of DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS and PULMONARY EMBOLISM. It is also used for the prevention of STROKE and systemic embolization in patients with non-valvular ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, and for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in patients after an ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.

In 2024, this provider wrote 17 Medicare prescriptions for Xarelto, about a third of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (45.2). Medicare paid an average of $883.29 per fill, versus $943.32 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
17
TX average
45.2

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$883.29
TX average
$943.32

This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication.

27.3
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
820
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Ezetimibe: Ezetimibe is used along with a low cholesterol/low fat diet and exercise to help lower cholesterol in the blood. Show more ▾

Ezetimibe may be used alone or with other drugs (such as "statins" or fibrates). Ezetimibe works by reducing the amount of cholesterol your body absorbs from your diet. Reducing cholesterol may help prevent strokes and heart attacks. An azetidine derivative and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that inhibits intestinal STEROL absorption. It is used to reduce total CHOLESTEROL; LDL CHOLESTEROL, and APOLIPOPROTEINS B in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS.

In 2024, this provider wrote 13 Medicare prescriptions for Ezetimibe, about a quarter of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (53.2). Medicare paid an average of $10.35 per fill, versus $23.89 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
13
TX average
53.2

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$10.35
TX average
$23.89

This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication.

29
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
870
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Rosuvastatin Calcium: Rosuvastatin is used along with a proper diet to help lower "bad" cholesterol and fats (such as LDL, triglycerides) and raise "good" cholesterol (HDL) in the blood. Show more ▾

It belongs to a group of drugs known as "statins." It works by reducing the amount of cholesterol made by the liver. Lowering "bad" cholesterol and triglycerides and raising "good" cholesterol decreases the risk of heart disease and helps to prevent strokes and heart attacks. In addition to eating a proper diet (such as a low cholesterol/low-fat diet), other lifestyle changes that may help this medication work better include exercising, losing weight if overweight, and stopping smoking. Talk with your doctor for more details. A HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA-REDUCTASE INHIBITOR, or statin, that reduces the plasma concentrations of LDL-CHOLESTEROL; APOLIPOPROTEIN B, and TRIGLYCERIDES while increasing HDL-CHOLESTEROL levels in patients with HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA and those at risk for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES.

In 2024, this provider wrote 11 Medicare prescriptions for Rosuvastatin Calcium, about 9% of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (122.4). Medicare paid an average of $10.46 per fill, versus $13.19 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
11
TX average
122.4

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$10.46
TX average
$13.19

This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication.

27
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
810
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Entresto: This product is used to treat certain types of heart failure. Show more ▾

It may help you live longer and lower your chance of having to go to the hospital for heart failure. This product contains 2 medications: sacubitril and valsartan. Sacubitril belongs to a class of drugs called neprilysin inhibitors and valsartan belongs to a class of drugs called angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). They work by relaxing blood vessels so that blood can flow more easily, which makes it easier for your heart to pump blood to your body. An angiotensin II receptor antagonist.

In 2024, this provider wrote 11 Medicare prescriptions for Entresto, about a quarter of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (53.1). Medicare paid an average of $1,200.95 per fill, versus $1,062.82 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
11
TX average
53.1

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$1,200.95
TX average
$1,062.82

Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

21
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
630
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Hydralazine Hcl: Hydralazine is used with or without other medications to treat high blood pressure. Show more ▾

Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Hydralazine is called a vasodilator. It works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow through the body more easily. A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.

In 2024, this provider wrote 11 Medicare prescriptions for Hydralazine Hcl, about a quarter of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (41.8). Medicare paid an average of $12.38 per fill, versus $12.44 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
11
TX average
41.8

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$12.38
TX average
$12.44

This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication.

21.7
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
644
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024
No medications match the current filters.
= the 5 medications this provider prescribes most.▲ More than typical≈ Typical▼ Less than typical= prescription volume vs the average TX prescriber of the same medication; volume reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.Green cost= below the TX average cost per fill.

About this data. The prescription history for BHUPENDAR TAYAL is compiled from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Medicare Part D Prescriber Public Use File for calendar year 2024, the most recent federal release. Figures cover prescriptions filled for Medicare Part D beneficiaries only; prescriptions under private insurance, Medicaid, or self-pay plans are not included. Because prescribing decisions are generally consistent across coverage types, this record offers a useful view of the overall Cardiovascular Disease prescribing approach at this Houston, TX practice.

Reading the costs. Drug costs are gross amounts paid to pharmacies under Part D, including both plan and beneficiary payments. They are not the price a patient pays at the pharmacy counter. Medications with fewer than 11 claims are excluded from the federal source data, and state comparisons use the average among TX prescribers of the same medication and form, shown only when at least five prescribers contribute. Always confirm current medications and costs directly with the provider and your plan.

About the medication summaries. Drug use descriptions come from the CMS Medicare Part D Drug Spending Dashboard (2024), and substance definitions from Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) 2026, U.S. National Library of Medicine. They are summaries that do not contain all possible information about a medication and are not individual medical advice. Ask a health care professional about any medication and your specific health needs.