JULIE A MCDONALD PA-C
Prescription History 1598711368
Physician Assistant in Marquette, MI

Active since May 25, 2006PECOS EnrolledAccepts Medicare Assignment
545 COUNTY ROAD HQ, MARQUETTE, MI 49855(906) 273-0072 Get Directions

NPPES record last updated: July 3, 2023. Verified against the NPPES registry weekly; last sync: October 11, 2026.

Record update history: Jul 3, 2023, Sep 14, 2022 (2 updates tracked since 2022).

Medicare Part D Prescription History

Explore the verified Medicare Part D prescription history, volume metrics, and calculated drug costs for JULIE A MCDONALD PA-C, an active Physician Assistant specialist practicing in Marquette, MI. Our medical registry currently tracks 16 unique pharmaceutical formulations prescribed by this provider, representing an estimated volume of 272 documented patient claims. Among these therapy options, the most frequently utilized medication is Levothyroxine Sodium, which accounts for 38 claims alone. Use the table below to sort by claims, cost, or utilization compared with the state average; select any medication for its full profile.

16
Medications
272
Total Claims
627
30-Day Fills
Levothyroxine Sodium
Most Prescribed · 38 claims
View details
16 medications · 2024 Medicare Part D
Medicare Part D medications prescribed by JULIE A MCDONALD PA-C in 2024, with prescription volumes, average cost per fill, and MI state comparisons
Medication Prescriptions (2024)Rx (2024) Avg Cost per FillCost / Fill Vs. Other MI PrescribersVs. MI Avg

About Levothyroxine Sodium: Levothyroxine is used to treat an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism). Show more ▾

It replaces or provides more thyroid hormone, which is normally produced by the thyroid gland. Low thyroid hormone levels can occur naturally or when the thyroid gland is injured by radiation/medications or removed by surgery. Having enough thyroid hormone is important for maintaining normal mental and physical activity. In children, having enough thyroid hormone is important for normal mental and physical development. This medication is also used to treat other types of thyroid disorders (such as thyroid cancer). This medication should not be used to treat infertility unless it is caused by low thyroid hormone levels. The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.

In 2024, this provider wrote 38 Medicare prescriptions for Levothyroxine Sodium, about a quarter of the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (153.6). Medicare paid an average of $11.80 per fill, versus $12.66 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
38
MI average
153.6

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$11.80
MI average
$12.66

This provider's average cost per fill is below the MI average for this medication.

98
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
2,940
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Lisinopril: Lisinopril is used to treat high blood pressure. Show more ▾

Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. It is also used to treat heart failure and to improve survival after a heart attack. Lisinopril belongs to a class of drugs known as ACE inhibitors. It works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow more easily. One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.

In 2024, this provider wrote 32 Medicare prescriptions for Lisinopril, about a quarter of the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (124.1). Medicare paid an average of $8.47 per fill, versus $8.52 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
32
MI average
124.1

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$8.47
MI average
$8.52

This provider's average cost per fill is below the MI average for this medication.

78
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
2,340
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Meloxicam: Meloxicam is used to treat arthritis. Show more ▾

It reduces pain, swelling, and stiffness of the joints. Meloxicam is known as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). If you are treating a chronic condition such as arthritis, ask your doctor about non-drug treatments and/or using other medications to treat your pain. See also Warning section. A benzothiazine and thiazole derivative that acts as a NSAID and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; and ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS.

In 2024, this provider wrote 21 Medicare prescriptions for Meloxicam, about half the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (49.1). Medicare paid an average of $2.72 per fill, versus $5.07 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
21
MI average
49.1

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$2.72
MI average
$5.07

This provider's average cost per fill is below the MI average for this medication.

61
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
1,830
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Simvastatin: Simvastatin is used along with a proper diet to help lower "bad" cholesterol and fats (such as LDL, triglycerides) and raise "good" cholesterol (HDL) in the blood. Show more ▾

It belongs to a group of drugs known as "statins." It works by reducing the amount of cholesterol made by the liver. Lowering "bad" cholesterol and triglycerides and raising "good" cholesterol decreases the risk of heart disease and helps prevent strokes and heart attacks. In addition to eating a proper diet (such as a low-cholesterol/low-fat diet), other lifestyle changes that may help this medication work better include exercising, losing weight if overweight, and stopping smoking. Consult your doctor for more details. A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.

In 2024, this provider wrote 21 Medicare prescriptions for Simvastatin, about a quarter of the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (75.7). Medicare paid an average of $20.88 per fill, versus $10.64 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
21
MI average
75.7

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$20.88
MI average
$10.64

Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

45
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
1,350
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Montelukast Sodium: Montelukast is used to control and prevent symptoms caused by asthma (such as wheezing and shortness of breath). Show more ▾

It is also used before exercise to prevent breathing problems during exercise (bronchospasm). This medication can help decrease the number of times you need to use your quick relief inhaler. Montelukast is also used to relieve symptoms of hay fever and allergic rhinitis (such as sneezing, stuffy/runny/itchy nose). Since there are other allergy medications that may be safer (see also Warning section), this medication should be used for this condition only when you cannot take other allergy medications or they do not work well. This medication must be used regularly to be effective. It does not work right away and should not be used to relieve sudden asthma attacks or breathing problems. If an asthma attack or sudden shortness of breath occurs, use your quick-relief inhaler as prescribed. This drug works by blocking certain natural substances (leukotrienes) that may cause or worsen asthma and allergies. It helps make breathing easier by reducing swelling (inflammation) in the airways. A leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist.

In 2024, this provider wrote 19 Medicare prescriptions for Montelukast Sodium, about a third of the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (53.7). Medicare paid an average of $26.07 per fill, versus $14.87 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
19
MI average
53.7

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$26.07
MI average
$14.87

Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

31.3
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
940
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Atorvastatin Calcium: Atorvastatin is used along with a proper diet to help lower "bad" cholesterol and fats (such as LDL, triglycerides) and raise "good" cholesterol (HDL) in the blood. Show more ▾

It belongs to a group of drugs known as "statins." It works by reducing the amount of cholesterol made by the liver. Lowering "bad" cholesterol and triglycerides and raising "good" cholesterol decreases the risk of heart disease and helps prevent strokes and heart attacks. In addition to eating a proper diet (such as a low-cholesterol/low-fat diet), other lifestyle changes that may help this medication work better include exercising, losing weight if overweight, and stopping smoking. Consult your doctor for more details. A pyrrole and heptanoic acid derivative, HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR (statin), and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that is used to reduce serum levels of LDL-CHOLESTEROL; APOLIPOPROTEIN B; and TRIGLYCERIDES. It is used to increase serum levels of HDL-CHOLESTEROL in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS, and for the prevention of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES in patients with multiple risk factors.

In 2024, this provider wrote 17 Medicare prescriptions for Atorvastatin Calcium, about 9% of the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (194.2). Medicare paid an average of $12.02 per fill, versus $13.68 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
17
MI average
194.2

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$12.02
MI average
$13.68

This provider's average cost per fill is below the MI average for this medication.

51
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
1,530
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Venlafaxine Hcl Er: This medication is used to treat certain mental/mood disorders (such as depression, anxiety, panic attacks, and social anxiety disorder). Show more ▾

Venlafaxine belongs to a class of drugs known as serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). It works by helping to restore the balance of certain natural substances (serotonin and norepinephrine) in the brain. A cyclohexanol and phenylethylamine derivative that functions as a SEROTONIN AND NORADRENALINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (SNRI) and is used as an ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENT.

In 2024, this provider wrote 15 Medicare prescriptions for Venlafaxine Hcl Er, about half the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (32.4). Medicare paid an average of $211.53 per fill, versus $27.32 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
15
MI average
32.4

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$211.53
MI average
$27.32

Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price.

43
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
1,290
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Trazodone Hcl: This medication is used to treat depression. Show more ▾

Trazodone works by helping to restore the balance of a certain natural substance (serotonin) in the brain. A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent. It has been shown to be effective in patients with major depressive disorders and other subsets of depressive disorders. It is generally more useful in depressive disorders associated with insomnia and anxiety. This drug does not aggravate psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p309)

In 2024, this provider wrote 14 Medicare prescriptions for Trazodone Hcl, about a quarter of the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (62.7). Medicare paid an average of $6.59 per fill, versus $10.57 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
14
MI average
62.7

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$6.59
MI average
$10.57

This provider's average cost per fill is below the MI average for this medication.

20
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
600
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Fluticasone-Salmeterol: This product is used to control and prevent symptoms (wheezing and shortness of breath) caused by asthma or ongoing lung disease (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-COPD, which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema). Show more ▾

It contains 2 medications: fluticasone and salmeterol. Fluticasone belongs to a class of drugs known as corticosteroids. It works by reducing the irritation and swelling of the airways. Salmeterol belongs to the class of drugs known as long-acting beta agonists. It works by relaxing the muscles around the airways so that they open up and you can breathe more easily. Controlling symptoms of breathing problems can decrease time lost from work or school. When used alone, long-acting beta agonists (such as salmeterol) may rarely increase the risk of serious (sometimes fatal) asthma-related breathing problems. However, combination inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting beta agonists, such as this product, do not increase the risk of serious asthma-related breathing problems. For asthma treatment, this product should be used when breathing problems are not well controlled with one asthma-control medication (such as inhaled corticosteroid) or if your symptoms need combination treatment. Before using this medication, it is important to learn how to use it properly. This medication must be used regularly to be effective. It does not work right away and should not be used to relieve sudden asthma attacks. If an asthma attack occurs, use your quick-relief inhaler (such as albuterol, also called salbutamol in some countries) as prescribed. A drug combination of fluticasone and salmeterol that is used as an inhaler formulation to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA and CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE.

In 2024, this provider wrote 13 Medicare prescriptions for Fluticasone-Salmeterol, about half the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (27.7). Medicare paid an average of $172.47 per fill, versus $193.86 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
13
MI average
27.7

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$172.47
MI average
$193.86

This provider's average cost per fill is below the MI average for this medication.

16
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
480
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Furosemide: Furosemide is used to reduce extra fluid in the body (edema) caused by conditions such as heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disease. Show more ▾

This can lessen symptoms such as shortness of breath and swelling in your arms, legs, and abdomen. This drug is also used to treat high blood pressure. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Furosemide is a "water pill" (diuretic) that causes you to make more urine. This helps your body get rid of extra water and salt. A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.

In 2024, this provider wrote 13 Medicare prescriptions for Furosemide, about 18% of the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (73.4). Medicare paid an average of $4.13 per fill, versus $5.64 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
13
MI average
73.4

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$4.13
MI average
$5.64

This provider's average cost per fill is below the MI average for this medication.

37
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
1,110
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Gabapentin: Gabapentin is used with other medications to prevent and control seizures. Show more ▾

It is also used to relieve nerve pain following shingles (a painful rash due to herpes zoster infection) in adults. Gabapentin is known as an anticonvulsant or antiepileptic drug. A cyclohexane-gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative that is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES; NEURALGIA; and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.

In 2024, this provider wrote 13 Medicare prescriptions for Gabapentin, about 15% of the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (88.5). Medicare paid an average of $13.38 per fill, versus $14.20 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
13
MI average
88.5

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$13.38
MI average
$14.20

This provider's average cost per fill is below the MI average for this medication.

13
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
390
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Amlodipine Besylate: Amlodipine is used with or without other medications to treat high blood pressure. Show more ▾

Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Amlodipine belongs to a class of drugs known as calcium channel blockers. It works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow more easily. Amlodipine is also used to prevent certain types of chest pain (angina). It may help to increase your ability to exercise and decrease the frequency of angina attacks. It should not be used to treat attacks of chest pain when they occur. Use other medications (such as sublingual nitroglycerin) to relieve attacks of chest pain as directed by your doctor. A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.

In 2024, this provider wrote 12 Medicare prescriptions for Amlodipine Besylate, about 9% of the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (135). Medicare paid an average of $3.67 per fill, versus $7.48 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
12
MI average
135.0

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$3.67
MI average
$7.48

This provider's average cost per fill is below the MI average for this medication.

36
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
1,080
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Hydrochlorothiazide: This medication is used to treat high blood pressure. Show more ▾

Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Hydrochlorothiazide belongs to a class of drugs known as diuretics/"water pills." It works by causing you to make more urine. This helps your body get rid of extra salt and water. This medication also reduces extra fluid in the body (edema) caused by conditions such as heart failure, liver disease, or kidney disease. This can lessen symptoms such as shortness of breath or swelling in your ankles or feet. A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.

In 2024, this provider wrote 11 Medicare prescriptions for Hydrochlorothiazide, about 16% of the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (66.8). Medicare paid an average of $2.57 per fill, versus $5.14 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
11
MI average
66.8

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$2.57
MI average
$5.14

This provider's average cost per fill is below the MI average for this medication.

33
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
990
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Mounjaro: Tirzepatide is used with a proper diet and exercise program to control high blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes. Show more ▾

Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems, loss of limbs, and sexual function problems. It lowers blood sugar by causing the release of your body's natural insulin and decreasing the amount of sugar your liver makes. An analog of GASTRIC INHIBITORY POLYPEPTIDE and agonist of GLUCOSE-DEPENDENT INSULINOTROPIC POLYPEPTIDE RECEPTOR and GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 RECEPTOR used to enhance glycemic control of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.

In 2024, this provider wrote 11 Medicare prescriptions for Mounjaro, about a quarter of the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (47.4). Medicare paid an average of $922.75 per fill, versus $1,238.22 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
11
MI average
47.4

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$922.75
MI average
$1,238.22

This provider's average cost per fill is below the MI average for this medication.

11
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
308
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Omeprazole: Omeprazole is used to treat certain stomach and esophagus problems (such as acid reflux, ulcers). Show more ▾

It works by decreasing the amount of acid your stomach makes. It relieves symptoms such as heartburn, difficulty swallowing, and cough. This medication helps heal acid damage to the stomach and esophagus, helps prevent ulcers, and may help prevent cancer of the esophagus. Omeprazole belongs to a class of drugs known as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). If you are self-treating with this medication, over-the-counter omeprazole products are used to treat frequent heartburn (occurring 2 or more days a week). Since it may take 1 to 4 days to have full effect, these products do not relieve heartburn right away. For over-the-counter products, carefully read the package instructions to make sure the product is right for you. Check the ingredients on the label even if you have used the product before. The manufacturer may have changed the ingredients. Also, products with similar brand names may contain different ingredients meant for different purposes. Taking the wrong product could harm you. A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.

In 2024, this provider wrote 11 Medicare prescriptions for Omeprazole, about 10% of the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (105.2). Medicare paid an average of $9.62 per fill, versus $14.15 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
11
MI average
105.2

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$9.62
MI average
$14.15

This provider's average cost per fill is below the MI average for this medication.

21
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
630
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024

About Pantoprazole Sodium: Pantoprazole is used to treat certain stomach and esophagus problems (such as acid reflux). Show more ▾

It works by decreasing the amount of acid your stomach makes. This medication relieves symptoms such as heartburn, difficulty swallowing, and cough. It helps heal acid damage to the stomach and esophagus, helps prevent ulcers, and may help prevent cancer of the esophagus. Pantoprazole belongs to a class of drugs known as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). 2-pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazole proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX and PEPTIC ULCER.

In 2024, this provider wrote 11 Medicare prescriptions for Pantoprazole Sodium, about 17% of the volume of the typical Michigan prescriber of this medication (64.6). Medicare paid an average of $16.81 per fill, versus $16.93 statewide.

How often this provider prescribes it

This provider
11
MI average
64.6

This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average MI prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.

What Medicare paid per fill

This provider
$16.81
MI average
$16.93

This provider's average cost per fill is below the MI average for this medication.

33
30-Day Fills
standardized to 30-day supplies
990
Days of Medication
total across all patients in 2024
No medications match the current filters.
= the 5 medications this provider prescribes most.▲ More than typical≈ Typical▼ Less than typical= prescription volume vs the average MI prescriber of the same medication; volume reflects practice size as well as clinical preference.Green cost= below the MI average cost per fill.

About this data. The prescription history for JULIE A MCDONALD PA-C is compiled from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Medicare Part D Prescriber Public Use File for calendar year 2024, the most recent federal release. Figures cover prescriptions filled for Medicare Part D beneficiaries only; prescriptions under private insurance, Medicaid, or self-pay plans are not included. Because prescribing decisions are generally consistent across coverage types, this record offers a useful view of the overall Physician Assistant prescribing approach at this Marquette, MI practice.

Reading the costs. Drug costs are gross amounts paid to pharmacies under Part D, including both plan and beneficiary payments. They are not the price a patient pays at the pharmacy counter. Medications with fewer than 11 claims are excluded from the federal source data, and state comparisons use the average among MI prescribers of the same medication and form, shown only when at least five prescribers contribute. Always confirm current medications and costs directly with the provider and your plan.

About the medication summaries. Drug use descriptions come from the CMS Medicare Part D Drug Spending Dashboard (2024), and substance definitions from Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) 2026, U.S. National Library of Medicine. They are summaries that do not contain all possible information about a medication and are not individual medical advice. Ask a health care professional about any medication and your specific health needs.