PENNY S BRUSO FNP
Prescription History 1518376607
Nurse Practitioner - Family in Shaftsbury, VT
Medicare Part D Prescription History
Explore the verified Medicare Part D prescription history, volume metrics, and calculated drug costs for PENNY S BRUSO FNP, an active Family specialist practicing in Shaftsbury, VT. Our medical registry currently tracks 20 unique pharmaceutical formulations prescribed by this provider, representing an estimated volume of 591 documented patient claims. Among these therapy options, the most frequently utilized medication is Baclofen, which accounts for 102 claims alone. Use the table below to sort by claims, cost, or utilization compared with the state average; select any medication for its full profile.
| Medication | Prescriptions (2024)Rx (2024) | Avg Cost per FillCost / Fill | Vs. Other VT PrescribersVs. VT Avg |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baclofen | 102 | $17.15▼ below VT avg | ▲ More than typical |
About Baclofen: Baclofen is used to treat muscle spasms caused by certain conditions (such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury/disease). Show more ▾ It works by helping to relax the muscles. A GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID derivative that is a specific agonist of GABA-B RECEPTORS. It is used in the treatment of MUSCLE SPASTICITY, especially that due to SPINAL CORD INJURIES. Its therapeutic effects result from actions at spinal and supraspinal sites, generally the reduction of excitatory transmission. In 2024, this provider wrote 102 Medicare prescriptions for Baclofen, about 3.3 times the volume of the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (30.9). Medicare paid an average of $17.15 per fill, versus $21.82 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication more often than the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VT average for this medication. 145 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 4,350 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Gabapentin | 75 | $14.80▼ below VT avg | ≈ Typical |
About Gabapentin: Gabapentin is used with other medications to prevent and control seizures. Show more ▾ It is also used to relieve nerve pain following shingles (a painful rash due to herpes zoster infection) in adults. Gabapentin is known as an anticonvulsant or antiepileptic drug. A cyclohexane-gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative that is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES; NEURALGIA; and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME. In 2024, this provider wrote 75 Medicare prescriptions for Gabapentin, about the same volume as the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (75). Medicare paid an average of $14.80 per fill, versus $18.35 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VT average for this medication. 122 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 3,605 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Donepezil Hcl | 53 | $6.32▼ below VT avg | ▲ More than typical |
About Donepezil Hcl: Donepezil is used to treat confusion (dementia) related to Alzheimer's disease. Show more ▾ It does not cure Alzheimer's disease, but it may improve memory, awareness, and the ability to function. This medication is an enzyme blocker that works by restoring the balance of natural substances (neurotransmitters) in the brain. An indan and piperidine derivative that acts as a selective and reversible inhibitor of ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE. Donepezil is highly selective for the central nervous system and is used in the management of mild to moderate DEMENTIA in ALZHEIMER DISEASE. In 2024, this provider wrote 53 Medicare prescriptions for Donepezil Hcl, about 1.3 times the volume of the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (39.3). Medicare paid an average of $6.32 per fill, versus $11.48 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication more often than the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VT average for this medication. 67 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,993 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Dalfampridine ErDalfampridine | 42 | $527.37 | ≈ Typical |
About Dalfampridine Er: Dalfampridine is used to improve walking in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Show more ▾ It is a potassium channel blocker. It is thought to work by improving nerve conduction. One of the POTASSIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS with secondary effect on calcium currents which is used mainly as a research tool and to characterize channel subtypes. In 2024, this provider wrote 42 Medicare prescriptions for Dalfampridine Er, about 1.2 times the volume of the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (34.6). Medicare paid an average of $527.37 per fill, versus $447.76 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 48 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,440 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Lamotrigine | 40 | $15.61 | ≈ Typical |
About Lamotrigine: Lamotrigine is used alone or with other medications to prevent and control seizures. Show more ▾ It may also be used to help prevent the extreme mood swings of bipolar disorder in adults. Lamotrigine is known as an anticonvulsant or antiepileptic drug. It is thought to work by restoring the balance of certain natural substances in the brain. This drug is not approved for use in children younger than 2 years due to an increased risk of side effects (such as infections). A phenyltriazine compound, sodium and calcium channel blocker that is used for the treatment of SEIZURES and BIPOLAR DISORDER. In 2024, this provider wrote 40 Medicare prescriptions for Lamotrigine, about the same volume as the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (40.5). Medicare paid an average of $15.61 per fill, versus $15.51 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 56 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,680 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Sumatriptan Succinate | 36 | $51.78 | ▲ More than typical |
About Sumatriptan Succinate: Sumatriptan is used to treat migraines. Show more ▾ It helps to relieve headache, pain, and other migraine symptoms (including nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light/sound). Prompt treatment helps you return to your normal routine and may decrease your need for other pain medications. Sumatriptan belongs to a class of drugs known as triptans. It affects a certain natural substance (serotonin) that causes narrowing of blood vessels in the brain. It may also relieve pain by affecting certain nerves in the brain. Sumatriptan does not prevent future migraines or lessen how often you get migraine attacks. A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS. In 2024, this provider wrote 36 Medicare prescriptions for Sumatriptan Succinate, about 1.9 times the volume of the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (19.2). Medicare paid an average of $51.78 per fill, versus $20.45 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication more often than the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 36 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 930 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Nurtec OdtRimegepant Sulfate | 30 | $1,631.43 | ≈ Typical |
About Nurtec Odt: This medication is used to prevent or treat migraine. Show more ▾ Rimegepant may work by changing the amount of a certain natural substance in the brain. It helps to relieve headache, pain, and other migraine symptoms (such as nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light/sound). Prompt treatment helps you return to your normal routine and may decrease your need for other pain medications. In 2024, this provider wrote 30 Medicare prescriptions for Nurtec Odt, about the same volume as the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (28.7). Medicare paid an average of $1,631.43 per fill, versus $1,379.93 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 31.1 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 824 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Tizanidine Hcl | 30 | $11.22▼ below VT avg | ≈ Typical |
About Tizanidine Hcl: This medication is used to treat muscle spasms caused by certain conditions (such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury). Show more ▾ It works by helping to relax the muscles. In 2024, this provider wrote 30 Medicare prescriptions for Tizanidine Hcl, about the same volume as the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (29.0). Medicare paid an average of $11.22 per fill, versus $12.95 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VT average for this medication. 44 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,310 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Duloxetine Hcl | 28 | $18.96▼ below VT avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Duloxetine Hcl: This medication is used to treat certain mental/mood disorders (such as depression, anxiety). Show more ▾ It is also used to help relieve nerve pain (peripheral neuropathy) in people with diabetes or ongoing pain due to medical conditions such as arthritis, chronic back pain, or fibromyalgia (a condition that causes widespread pain). Duloxetine belongs to a class of drugs known as serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). It works by helping to restore the balance of certain natural substances (serotonin and norepinephrine) in the brain. A thiophene derivative and selective NEUROTRANSMITTER UPTAKE INHIBITOR for SEROTONIN and NORADRENALINE (SNRI). It is an ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENT and ANXIOLYTIC, and is also used for the treatment of pain in patients with DIABETES MELLITUS and FIBROMYALGIA. In 2024, this provider wrote 28 Medicare prescriptions for Duloxetine Hcl, about 67% of the volume of the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (41.9). Medicare paid an average of $18.96 per fill, versus $28.02 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VT average for this medication. 66 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,980 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Modafinil | 25 | $95.72 | ▲ More than typical |
About Modafinil: Modafinil reduces extreme sleepiness due to narcolepsy and other sleep disorders, such as periods of stopped breathing during sleep (obstructive sleep apnea). Show more ▾ It is also used to help you stay awake during work hours if you have a work schedule that keeps you from having a normal sleep routine (shift work sleep disorder). This medication does not cure these sleep disorders and may not get rid of all your sleepiness. Modafinil does not take the place of getting enough sleep. It should not be used to treat tiredness or hold off sleep in people who do not have a sleep disorder. It is not known how modafinil works to keep you awake. It is thought to work by affecting certain substances in the brain that control the sleep/wake cycle. A benzhydryl acetamide compound, central nervous system stimulant, and CYP3A4 inducing agent that is used in the treatment of NARCOLEPSY and SLEEP WAKE DISORDERS. In 2024, this provider wrote 25 Medicare prescriptions for Modafinil, about 1.4 times the volume of the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (18). Medicare paid an average of $95.72 per fill, versus $54.62 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication more often than the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 27 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 795 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Pyridostigmine Bromide | 22 | $145.02 | ▼ Less than typical |
About Pyridostigmine Bromide: Pyridostigmine is used to improve muscle strength in patients with a certain muscle disease (myasthenia gravis). Show more ▾ It works by preventing the breakdown of a certain natural substance (acetylcholine) in your body. Acetylcholine is needed for normal muscle function. A cholinesterase inhibitor with a slightly longer duration of action than NEOSTIGMINE. It is used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the actions of muscle relaxants. In 2024, this provider wrote 22 Medicare prescriptions for Pyridostigmine Bromide, about 71% of the volume of the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (31). Medicare paid an average of $145.02 per fill, versus $89.85 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 57.7 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,728 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Alprazolam | 13 | $0.96▼ below VT avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Alprazolam: Alprazolam is used to treat anxiety and panic disorders. Show more ▾ It belongs to a class of medications called benzodiazepines which act on the brain and nerves (central nervous system) to produce a calming effect. It works by enhancing the effects of a certain natural chemical in the body (GABA). A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238) In 2024, this provider wrote 13 Medicare prescriptions for Alprazolam, about half the volume of the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (28.2). Medicare paid an average of $0.96 per fill, versus $6.63 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VT average for this medication. 13 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 304 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Dextroamphetamine-Amphet ErDextroamphetamine/Amphetamine | 13 | $95.41 | ▼ Less than typical |
About Dextroamphetamine-Amphet Er: This combination medication is used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD. Show more ▾ It works by changing the amounts of certain natural substances in the brain. Amphetamine/dextroamphetamine belongs to a class of drugs known as stimulants. It can help increase your ability to pay attention, stay focused on an activity, and control behavior problems. It may also help you to organize your tasks and improve listening skills. In 2024, this provider wrote 13 Medicare prescriptions for Dextroamphetamine-Amphet Er, about half the volume of the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (21.9). Medicare paid an average of $95.41 per fill, versus $55.96 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 13 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 390 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Kesimpta PenOfatumumab | 12 | $8,594.84 | – No State Data |
About Kesimpta Pen: This medication is used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS). Show more ▾ Ofatumumab belongs to a class of medications known as monoclonal antibodies. This medication is not a cure for MS but it is thought to help by preventing immune system cells (lymphocytes) from attacking the nerves in your brain and spinal cord. It helps decrease the number of episodes of disease worsening (relapses) and may prevent or delay disability. An anti-CD20 MAb used as an antineoplastic agent; in phase 1-2 clinical trials. In 2024, this provider wrote 12 Medicare prescriptions for Kesimpta Pen. Medicare paid an average of $8,594.84 per fill. No state comparison is available for this medication. How often this provider prescribes it No state benchmark is available for this medication. What Medicare paid per fill $8,594.84 Cost per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 12 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 338 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| OctagamImmun Globg(Igg)/Malt/Iga Ov50 | 12 | $15,111.88 | – No State Data |
About Octagam: This medication is used to strengthen the body's natural defense system (immune system) to lower the risk of infection in persons with a weakened immune system. Show more ▾ This medication is made from healthy human blood that has a high level of certain defensive substances (antibodies), which help fight infections. It is also used to increase the blood count (platelets) in persons with a certain blood disorder (idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura-ITP). Platelets are needed to stop bleeding and form blood clots. Some immune globulin products may also be used to treat certain types of muscle weakness problem (multifocal motor neuropathy, dermatomyositis) or a certain nerve disorder (chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy-CIDP). Some products may also be used to prevent certain blood vessel disorders in people with Kawasaki syndrome. An intravenous IgG product for treating primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID). In 2024, this provider wrote 12 Medicare prescriptions for Octagam. Medicare paid an average of $15,111.88 per fill. No state comparison is available for this medication. How often this provider prescribes it No state benchmark is available for this medication. What Medicare paid per fill $15,111.88 Cost per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 12 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 252 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Azathioprine | 12 | $62.03 | ▼ Less than typical |
About Azathioprine: Azathioprine is used to prevent organ rejection in people who have received a kidney transplant. Show more ▾ It is usually taken along with other medications to allow your new kidney to function normally. Azathioprine is also used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. In this condition, the body's defense system (immune system) attacks healthy joints. Azathioprine belongs to a class of drugs known as immunosuppressants. It works by weakening the immune system to help your body accept the new kidney as if it were your own (in the case of an organ transplant) or to prevent further damage to your joints (in the case of rheumatoid arthritis). Talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of azathioprine, especially when used by children and young adults. An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed) In 2024, this provider wrote 12 Medicare prescriptions for Azathioprine, about half the volume of the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (20.4). Medicare paid an average of $62.03 per fill, versus $49.96 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 28 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 840 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| BotoxOnabotulinumtoxina | 12 | $1,236.62 | – No State Data |
About Botox: There are different types of botulinum toxin products (toxin A and B) with different uses (eye problems, muscle stiffness/spasms, migraines, cosmetic, overactive bladder). Show more ▾ Different brands of this medication deliver different amounts of medication. Your doctor will choose the correct product for you. Botulinum toxin is used to treat certain eye disorders such as crossed eyes (strabismus) and uncontrolled blinking (blepharospasm), to treat muscle stiffness/spasms or movement disorders (such as cervical dystonia, torticollis), and to reduce the cosmetic appearance of wrinkles or vertical neck bands connecting the jaw and neck (platysma bands). It is also used to prevent headaches in people with very frequent migraines. Botulinum toxin relaxes muscle by blocking the release of a chemical called acetylcholine. Botulinum toxin is also used to treat overactive bladder by patients who do not respond to or who cannot tolerate the side effects of other medications. It helps to reduce leaking of urine, feeling of needing to urinate right away, and frequent trips to the bathroom. It is also used to treat severe underarm sweating and drooling/excess saliva. Botulinum toxin works by blocking the chemicals that turn on the sweat and salivary glands. Botulinum toxin is not a cure, and your symptoms will gradually return as the medication wears off. A serotype of botulinum toxins that has specificity for cleavage of SYNAPTOSOMAL-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 25. In 2024, this provider wrote 12 Medicare prescriptions for Botox. Medicare paid an average of $1,236.62 per fill. No state comparison is available for this medication. How often this provider prescribes it No state benchmark is available for this medication. What Medicare paid per fill $1,236.62 Cost per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 36 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,080 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| ValacyclovirValacyclovir Hcl | 12 | $16.66▼ below VT avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Valacyclovir: Valacyclovir is used to treat infections caused by certain types of viruses. Show more ▾ In children, it is used to treat cold sores around the mouth (caused by herpes simplex) and chickenpox (caused by varicella zoster). In adults, it is used to treat shingles (caused by herpes zoster) and cold sores around the mouth. Valacyclovir is also used to treat outbreaks of genital herpes. In people with frequent outbreaks, this medication is used to reduce the number of future episodes. Valacyclovir is an antiviral drug. It stops the growth of certain viruses. However, it is not a cure for these infections. The viruses that cause these infections continue to live in the body even between outbreaks. Valacyclovir decreases the severity and length of these outbreaks. It helps the sores heal faster, keeps new sores from forming, and decreases pain/itching. This medication may also help reduce how long pain remains after the sores heal. A prodrug of acyclovir that is used in the treatment of HERPES ZOSTER and HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTION of the skin and mucous membranes, including GENITAL HERPES. In 2024, this provider wrote 12 Medicare prescriptions for Valacyclovir, about 61% of the volume of the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (19.7). Medicare paid an average of $16.66 per fill, versus $30.15 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VT average for this medication. 12 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 360 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Diazepam | 11 | $3.03▼ below VT avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Diazepam: Diazepam is used to treat anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and seizures. Show more ▾ It is also used to relieve muscle spasms and to provide sedation before medical procedures. This medication works by calming the brain and nerves. Diazepam belongs to a class of drugs known as benzodiazepines. A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity. In 2024, this provider wrote 11 Medicare prescriptions for Diazepam, about half the volume of the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (25.4). Medicare paid an average of $3.03 per fill, versus $4.94 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VT average for this medication. 11 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 330 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
| Tramadol Hcl | 11 | $2.49▼ below VT avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Tramadol Hcl: See also Warning section. Show more ▾ This medication is used to help relieve moderate to moderately severe pain. Tramadol belongs to a class of drugs known as opioid analgesics. It works in the brain to change how your body feels and responds to pain. A narcotic analgesic proposed for severe pain. It may be habituating. In 2024, this provider wrote 11 Medicare prescriptions for Tramadol Hcl, about a quarter of the volume of the typical Vermont prescriber of this medication (40.9). Medicare paid an average of $2.49 per fill, versus $8.88 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VT prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VT average for this medication. 11 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 284 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2024 | |||
About this data. The prescription history for PENNY S BRUSO FNP is compiled from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Medicare Part D Prescriber Public Use File for calendar year 2024, the most recent federal release. Figures cover prescriptions filled for Medicare Part D beneficiaries only; prescriptions under private insurance, Medicaid, or self-pay plans are not included. Because prescribing decisions are generally consistent across coverage types, this record offers a useful view of the overall Family prescribing approach at this Shaftsbury, VT practice.
Reading the costs. Drug costs are gross amounts paid to pharmacies under Part D, including both plan and beneficiary payments. They are not the price a patient pays at the pharmacy counter. Medications with fewer than 11 claims are excluded from the federal source data, and state comparisons use the average among VT prescribers of the same medication and form, shown only when at least five prescribers contribute. Always confirm current medications and costs directly with the provider and your plan.
About the medication summaries. Drug use descriptions come from the CMS Medicare Part D Drug Spending Dashboard (2024), and substance definitions from Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) 2026, U.S. National Library of Medicine. They are summaries that do not contain all possible information about a medication and are not individual medical advice. Ask a health care professional about any medication and your specific health needs.
