SANTIAGO VILLARREAL M.D.
Prescription History 1225035199
Internal Medicine - Nephrology in San Antonio, TX
Medicare Part D Prescription History
Explore the verified Medicare Part D prescription history, volume metrics, and calculated drug costs for SANTIAGO VILLARREAL M.D., an active Nephrology specialist practicing in San Antonio, TX. Our medical registry currently tracks 19 unique pharmaceutical formulations prescribed by this provider, representing an estimated volume of 605 documented patient claims. Among these therapy options, the most frequently utilized medication is Calcium Acetate, which accounts for 93 claims alone. Use the table below to sort by claims, cost, or utilization compared with the state average; select any medication for its full profile.
| Medication | Prescriptions (2023)Rx (2023) | Avg Cost per FillCost / Fill | Vs. Other TX PrescribersVs. TX Avg |
|---|---|---|---|
| Calcium Acetate | 93 | $112.96▼ below TX avg | ▲ More than typical |
About Calcium Acetate: Calcium acetate is used to prevent high blood phosphate levels in patients who are on dialysis due to severe kidney disease. Show more ▾ Dialysis removes some phosphate from your blood, but it is difficult to remove enough to keep your phosphate levels balanced. Decreasing blood phosphate levels can help keep your bones strong, prevent unsafe buildup of minerals in your body, and possibly decrease the risk of heart disease and strokes that can result from high phosphate levels. Calcium acetate is a natural mineral that works by holding onto phosphate from the diet so that it can pass out of your body. In 2023, this provider wrote 93 Medicare prescriptions for Calcium Acetate, about 3 times the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (31). Medicare paid an average of $112.96 per fill, versus $124.43 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication more often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication. 125.4 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 3,694 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Sevelamer Carbonate | 79 | $663.94 | ▲ More than typical |
About Sevelamer Carbonate: Sevelamer is used to lower high blood phosphorus (phosphate) levels in patients who are on dialysis due to severe kidney disease. Show more ▾ Dialysis removes some phosphate from your blood, but it is difficult to remove enough to keep your phosphate levels balanced. Decreasing blood phosphate levels can help keep your bones strong, prevent unsafe buildup of minerals in your body, and possibly decrease the risk of heart disease and strokes that can result from high phosphate levels. Sevelamer works by holding onto phosphate from the diet so that it can pass out of your body. A polymeric amine that binds phosphate and is used to treat HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA in patients with kidney disease. In 2023, this provider wrote 79 Medicare prescriptions for Sevelamer Carbonate, about 1.6 times the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (49). Medicare paid an average of $663.94 per fill, versus $417.73 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication more often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 118.8 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 3,446 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Carvedilol | 56 | $7.85▼ below TX avg | ≈ Typical |
About Carvedilol: Carvedilol is used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. Show more ▾ It is also used after a heart attack to improve the chance of survival if your heart is not pumping well. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. This drug works by blocking the action of certain natural substances in your body, such as epinephrine, on the heart and blood vessels. This effect lowers your heart rate, blood pressure, and strain on your heart. Carvedilol belongs to a class of drugs known as alpha and beta blockers. A carbazole and propanol derivative that acts as a non-cardioselective beta blocker and vasodilator. It has blocking activity for ALPHA 1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and, at higher doses, may function as a blocker of CALCIUM CHANNELS; it also has antioxidant properties. Carvedilol is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION; ANGINA PECTORIS; and HEART FAILURE. It can also reduce the risk of death following MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. In 2023, this provider wrote 56 Medicare prescriptions for Carvedilol, about 79% of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (71). Medicare paid an average of $7.85 per fill, versus $11.44 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication. 116 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 3,465 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Lisinopril | 55 | $7.95 | ▼ Less than typical |
About Lisinopril: Lisinopril is used to treat high blood pressure. Show more ▾ Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. It is also used to treat heart failure and to improve survival after a heart attack. Lisinopril belongs to a class of drugs known as ACE inhibitors. It works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow more easily. One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. In 2023, this provider wrote 55 Medicare prescriptions for Lisinopril, about half the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (111). Medicare paid an average of $7.95 per fill, versus $6.92 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 110.3 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 3,310 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Nifedipine ErNifedipine | 44 | $48.51▼ below TX avg | ≈ Typical |
About Nifedipine Er: This medication is used to prevent certain types of chest pain (angina). Show more ▾ It may allow you to exercise more and decrease the frequency of angina attacks. Nifedipine belongs to a class of medications known as calcium channel blockers. It works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow more easily. This medication must be taken regularly to be effective. It should not be used to treat attacks of chest pain when they occur. Use other medications (such as sublingual nitroglycerin) to relieve attacks of chest pain as directed by your doctor. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for details. Older adults should discuss the risks and benefits of this medication with their doctor or pharmacist, as well as other possibly safer forms of nifedipine (such as the long-acting tablets). A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure. In 2023, this provider wrote 44 Medicare prescriptions for Nifedipine Er, about 1.2 times the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (37). Medicare paid an average of $48.51 per fill, versus $57.75 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication. 79 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 2,370 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Amlodipine Besylate | 36 | $11.25 | ▼ Less than typical |
About Amlodipine Besylate: Amlodipine is used with or without other medications to treat high blood pressure. Show more ▾ Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Amlodipine belongs to a class of drugs known as calcium channel blockers. It works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow more easily. Amlodipine is also used to prevent certain types of chest pain (angina). It may help to increase your ability to exercise and decrease the frequency of angina attacks. It should not be used to treat attacks of chest pain when they occur. Use other medications (such as sublingual nitroglycerin) to relieve attacks of chest pain as directed by your doctor. A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION. In 2023, this provider wrote 36 Medicare prescriptions for Amlodipine Besylate, about a quarter of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (131). Medicare paid an average of $11.25 per fill, versus $7.22 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 76 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 2,280 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Hydralazine Hcl | 33 | $12.46▼ below TX avg | ≈ Typical |
About Hydralazine Hcl: Hydralazine is used with or without other medications to treat high blood pressure. Show more ▾ Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Hydralazine is called a vasodilator. It works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow through the body more easily. In 2023, this provider wrote 33 Medicare prescriptions for Hydralazine Hcl, about 80% of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (41). Medicare paid an average of $12.46 per fill, versus $21.33 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication. 58 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,740 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Furosemide | 33 | $6.01▼ below TX avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Furosemide: Furosemide is used to reduce extra fluid in the body (edema) caused by conditions such as heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disease. Show more ▾ This can lessen symptoms such as shortness of breath and swelling in your arms, legs, and abdomen. This drug is also used to treat high blood pressure. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Furosemide is a water pill (diuretic) that causes you to make more urine. This helps your body get rid of extra water and salt. A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. In 2023, this provider wrote 33 Medicare prescriptions for Furosemide, about half the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (78). Medicare paid an average of $6.01 per fill, versus $6.45 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication. 58.8 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,747 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Atorvastatin Calcium | 22 | $15.68 | ▼ Less than typical |
About Atorvastatin Calcium: Atorvastatin is used along with a proper diet to help lower bad cholesterol and fats (such as LDL, triglycerides) and raise good cholesterol (HDL) in the blood. Show more ▾ It belongs to a group of drugs known as statins. It works by reducing the amount of cholesterol made by the liver. Lowering bad cholesterol and triglycerides and raising good cholesterol decreases the risk of heart disease and helps prevent strokes and heart attacks. In addition to eating a proper diet (such as a low-cholesterol/low-fat diet), other lifestyle changes that may help this medication work better include exercising, losing weight if overweight, and stopping smoking. Consult your doctor for more details. A pyrrole and heptanoic acid derivative, HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR (statin), and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that is used to reduce serum levels of LDL-CHOLESTEROL; APOLIPOPROTEIN B; and TRIGLYCERIDES. It is used to increase serum levels of HDL-CHOLESTEROL in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS, and for the prevention of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES in patients with multiple risk factors. In 2023, this provider wrote 22 Medicare prescriptions for Atorvastatin Calcium, about 13% of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (172). Medicare paid an average of $15.68 per fill, versus $12.71 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 62 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,860 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Gabapentin | 21 | $11.94▼ below TX avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Gabapentin: Gabapentin is used with other medications to prevent and control seizures. Show more ▾ It is also used to relieve nerve pain following shingles (a painful rash due to herpes zoster infection) in adults. Gabapentin is known as an anticonvulsant or antiepileptic drug. A cyclohexane-gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative that is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES; NEURALGIA; and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME. In 2023, this provider wrote 21 Medicare prescriptions for Gabapentin, about a quarter of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (94). Medicare paid an average of $11.94 per fill, versus $21.94 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication. 29 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 870 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Clonidine Hcl | 20 | $6.19▼ below TX avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Clonidine Hcl: This medication is used alone or with other medications to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). Show more ▾ Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Clonidine belongs to a class of drugs (central alpha agonists) that act in the brain to lower blood pressure. It works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow more easily. In 2023, this provider wrote 20 Medicare prescriptions for Clonidine Hcl, about 65% of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (31). Medicare paid an average of $6.19 per fill, versus $9.57 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication. 31 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 930 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Doxazosin Mesylate | 16 | $8.27▼ below TX avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Doxazosin Mesylate: Doxazosin is used alone or with other drugs to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). Show more ▾ Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. This medication works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow more easily. Doxazosin is also used in men to treat the symptoms of an enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia-BPH). It does not shrink the prostate, but it works by relaxing the muscles in the prostate and part of the bladder. This helps to relieve symptoms of BPH such as difficulty in beginning the flow of urine, weak stream, and the need to urinate frequently or urgently (including during the middle of the night). Doxazosin belongs to a class of drugs known as alpha blockers. A prazosin-related compound that is a selective alpha-1-adrenergic blocker. In 2023, this provider wrote 16 Medicare prescriptions for Doxazosin Mesylate, about half the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (27). Medicare paid an average of $8.27 per fill, versus $21.60 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication. 20 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 600 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Prednisone | 16 | $5.02▼ below TX avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Prednisone: Prednisone is used to treat conditions such as arthritis, blood disorders, breathing problems, severe allergies, skin diseases, cancer, eye problems, and immune system disorders. Show more ▾ Prednisone belongs to a class of drugs known as corticosteroids. It decreases your immune system's response to various diseases to reduce symptoms such as swelling and allergic-type reactions. A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver. In 2023, this provider wrote 16 Medicare prescriptions for Prednisone, about a third of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (47). Medicare paid an average of $5.02 per fill, versus $5.74 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication. 24 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 665 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Azithromycin | 16 | $5.88▼ below TX avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Azithromycin: This medication is used to treat certain eye infections. Show more ▾ It is a macrolide antibiotic that works by stopping the growth of bacteria. This medication treats only bacterial eye infections. It will not work for other types of eye infections. Unnecessary use or misuse of any antibiotic can lead to its decreased effectiveness. A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis. In 2023, this provider wrote 16 Medicare prescriptions for Azithromycin, about a third of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (42). Medicare paid an average of $5.88 per fill, versus $9.03 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication. 16 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 80 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Temazepam | 16 | $8.87▼ below TX avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Temazepam: This medication is used to treat a certain sleep problem (insomnia). Show more ▾ It may help you fall asleep faster, stay asleep longer, and lessen how often you wake up during the night, so you can get a better night's rest. Temazepam belongs to a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. It acts on your brain to produce a calming effect. Use of this medication is usually limited to short treatment periods of 1 to 2 weeks or less. If your insomnia continues for a longer time, talk to your doctor to see if you need other treatment. A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent. In 2023, this provider wrote 16 Medicare prescriptions for Temazepam, about half the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (31). Medicare paid an average of $8.87 per fill, versus $14.36 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication. 16 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 390 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Labetalol Hcl | 13 | $27.95▼ below TX avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Labetalol Hcl: Labetalol is used with or without other medications to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). Show more ▾ Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. This medication is both an alpha blocker and beta blocker. It works by blocking the action of certain natural chemicals in your body such as epinephrine on the heart and blood vessels. This effect lowers the heart rate, blood pressure, and strain on the heart. In 2023, this provider wrote 13 Medicare prescriptions for Labetalol Hcl, about half the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (26). Medicare paid an average of $27.95 per fill, versus $51.60 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication. 39 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,170 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Levothyroxine Sodium | 13 | $16.52▼ below TX avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Levothyroxine Sodium: Levothyroxine is used to treat an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism). Show more ▾ It replaces or provides more thyroid hormone, which is normally produced by the thyroid gland. Low thyroid hormone levels can occur naturally or when the thyroid gland is injured by radiation/medications or removed by surgery. Having enough thyroid hormone is important for maintaining normal mental and physical activity. In children, having enough thyroid hormone is important for normal mental and physical development. This medication is also used to treat other types of thyroid disorders (such as thyroid cancer). This medication should not be used to treat infertility unless it is caused by low thyroid hormone levels. The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism. In 2023, this provider wrote 13 Medicare prescriptions for Levothyroxine Sodium, about 9% of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (144). Medicare paid an average of $16.52 per fill, versus $17.11 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication. 35 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,050 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Sulfamethoxazole-TrimethoprimSulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim | 12 | $5.26▼ below TX avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim: This medication is a combination of two antibiotics: sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. Show more ▾ It is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections (such as middle ear, urine, respiratory, and intestinal infections). It is also used to prevent and treat a certain type of pneumonia (pneumocystis-type). This medication should not be used by children less than 2 months of age due to the risk of serious side effects. This medication treats only certain types of infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as flu). Unnecessary use or misuse of any antibiotic can lead to its decreased effectiveness. A drug combination with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS. In 2023, this provider wrote 12 Medicare prescriptions for Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim, about half the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (27). Medicare paid an average of $5.26 per fill, versus $6.17 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the TX average for this medication. 13 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 390 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| FarxigaDapagliflozin Propanediol | 11 | $1,400.82 | ▼ Less than typical |
About Farxiga: Dapagliflozin is used with a proper diet and exercise program to control high blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes. Show more ▾ Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems, loss of limbs, and sexual function problems. Proper control of diabetes may also lessen your risk of a heart attack or stroke. This medication is also used in people with type 2 diabetes and heart disease to lower the risk of going to the hospital for heart failure. Dapagliflozin works by increasing the removal of sugar by your kidneys. Dapagliflozin is also used to treat kidney disease and heart failure. It may help you live longer and lower your risk of going to the hospital for heart failure. Dapagliflozin works by increasing the removal of sodium by your kidneys. In 2023, this provider wrote 11 Medicare prescriptions for Farxiga, about a third of the volume of the typical Texas prescriber of this medication (36). Medicare paid an average of $1,400.82 per fill, versus $1,035.01 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average TX prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 26 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 780 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
About this data. The prescription history for SANTIAGO VILLARREAL M.D. is compiled from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Medicare Part D Prescriber Public Use File for calendar year 2023, the most recent federal release. Figures cover prescriptions filled for Medicare Part D beneficiaries only; prescriptions under private insurance, Medicaid, or self-pay plans are not included. Because prescribing decisions are generally consistent across coverage types, this record offers a useful view of the overall Nephrology prescribing approach at this San Antonio, TX practice.
Reading the costs. Drug costs are gross amounts paid to pharmacies under Part D, including both plan and beneficiary payments. They are not the price a patient pays at the pharmacy counter. Medications with fewer than 11 claims are excluded from the federal source data, and state comparisons use the average volume among TX prescribers of the same medication. Always confirm current medications and costs directly with the provider and your plan.
