DR. MARK STEPHEN BARON M.D.
Prescription History 1194743708
Psychiatry & Neurology - Neurology in Richmond, VA
Medicare Part D Prescription History
Explore the verified Medicare Part D prescription history, volume metrics, and calculated drug costs for DR. MARK STEPHEN BARON M.D., an active Neurology specialist practicing in Richmond, VA. Our medical registry currently tracks 33 unique pharmaceutical formulations prescribed by this provider, representing an estimated volume of 1,341 documented patient claims. Among these therapy options, the most frequently utilized medication is Carbidopa-Levodopa, which accounts for 321 claims alone. Use the table below to sort by claims, cost, or utilization compared with the state average; select any medication for its full profile.
| Medication | Prescriptions (2023)Rx (2023) | Avg Cost per FillCost / Fill | Vs. Other VA PrescribersVs. VA Avg |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carbidopa-LevodopaCarbidopa/Levodopa | 321 | $93.61 | ▲ More than typical |
About Carbidopa-Levodopa: This combination medication is used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease or Parkinson-like symptoms (such as shakiness, stiffness, difficulty moving). Show more ▾ Parkinson's disease is thought to be caused by too little of a naturally occurring substance (dopamine) in the brain. Levodopa changes into dopamine in the brain, helping to control movement. Carbidopa prevents the breakdown of levodopa in the bloodstream so more levodopa can enter the brain. Carbidopa can also reduce some of levodopa's side effects such as nausea and vomiting. In 2023, this provider wrote 321 Medicare prescriptions for Carbidopa-Levodopa, about 5.7 times the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (56). Medicare paid an average of $93.61 per fill, versus $47.06 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication more often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 765.7 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 22,724 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Carbidopa-Levodopa ErCarbidopa/Levodopa | 155 | $71.01▼ below VA avg | ▲ More than typical |
About Carbidopa-Levodopa Er: This combination medication is used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease or Parkinson-like symptoms (such as shakiness, stiffness, difficulty moving). Show more ▾ Parkinson's disease is thought to be caused by too little of a naturally occurring substance (dopamine) in the brain. Levodopa changes into dopamine in the brain, helping to control movement. Carbidopa prevents the breakdown of levodopa in the bloodstream so more levodopa can enter the brain. Carbidopa can also reduce some of levodopa's side effects such as nausea and vomiting. In 2023, this provider wrote 155 Medicare prescriptions for Carbidopa-Levodopa Er, about 4.4 times the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (35). Medicare paid an average of $71.01 per fill, versus $82.56 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication more often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 346.3 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 10,243 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Pramipexole DihydrochloridePramipexole Di-Hcl | 97 | $30.41 | ▲ More than typical |
About Pramipexole Dihydrochloride: Pramipexole is used alone or with other medications to treat Parkinson's disease. Show more ▾ It can improve your ability to move and can decrease shakiness (tremor), stiffness, slowed movement, and unsteadiness. It may also decrease the number of episodes of not being able to move (on-off syndrome). Pramipexole is a dopamine agonist that works by helping to restore the balance of a certain natural substance (dopamine) in the brain. In 2023, this provider wrote 97 Medicare prescriptions for Pramipexole Dihydrochloride, about 4 times the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (24). Medicare paid an average of $30.41 per fill, versus $20.79 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication more often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 237.3 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 7,057 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Primidone | 68 | $37.45 | ▲ More than typical |
About Primidone: This medication is used alone or with other medications to control seizures. Show more ▾ Controlling and reducing seizures lets you do more of your normal daily activities, reduces your risk of harm when you lose consciousness, and lessens your risk for a possibly life-threatening condition of frequent, repeated seizures. Primidone belongs to a class of drugs known as barbiturate anticonvulsants. It works by controlling the abnormal electrical activity in the brain that occurs during a seizure. A barbiturate derivative that acts as a GABA modulator and anti-epileptic agent. It is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite. In 2023, this provider wrote 68 Medicare prescriptions for Primidone, about 2.3 times the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (29). Medicare paid an average of $37.45 per fill, versus $28.21 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication more often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 123 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 3,662 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Clonazepam | 61 | $11.58 | ▲ More than typical |
About Clonazepam: Clonazepam is used to prevent and control seizures. Show more ▾ This medication is known as an anticonvulsant or antiepileptic drug. It is also used to treat panic attacks. Clonazepam works by calming your brain and nerves. It belongs to a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses. In 2023, this provider wrote 61 Medicare prescriptions for Clonazepam, about 1.3 times the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (46). Medicare paid an average of $11.58 per fill, versus $8.83 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication more often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 84.8 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 2,490 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Topiramate | 57 | $33.01 | ▲ More than typical |
About Topiramate: Topiramate is used alone or with other medications to prevent and control seizures (epilepsy). Show more ▾ This medication is also used to prevent migraine headaches and decrease how often you get them. Topiramate will not treat a migraine headache once it occurs. If you get a migraine headache, treat it as directed by your doctor (such as by taking pain medication, lying down in a dark room). Topiramate is known as an anticonvulsant or antiepileptic drug. A sulfamate-substituted fructose analog that was originally identified as a hypoglycemic agent. It is used for the treatment of EPILEPSY and MIGRAINE DISORDERS, and may also promote weight loss. In 2023, this provider wrote 57 Medicare prescriptions for Topiramate, about 1.8 times the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (31). Medicare paid an average of $33.01 per fill, versus $20.83 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication more often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 138 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 4,140 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| RytaryCarbidopa/Levodopa | 54 | $1,816.96 | ≈ Typical |
About Rytary: This combination medication is used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease or Parkinson-like symptoms (such as shakiness, stiffness, difficulty moving). Show more ▾ Parkinson's disease is thought to be caused by too little of a naturally occurring substance (dopamine) in the brain. Levodopa changes into dopamine in the brain, helping to control movement. Carbidopa prevents the breakdown of levodopa in the bloodstream so more levodopa can enter the brain. Carbidopa can also reduce some of levodopa's side effects such as nausea and vomiting. In 2023, this provider wrote 54 Medicare prescriptions for Rytary, about the same volume as the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (55). Medicare paid an average of $1,816.96 per fill, versus $1,270.13 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 91.3 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 2,632 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Temazepam | 49 | $8.99▼ below VA avg | ▲ More than typical |
About Temazepam: This medication is used to treat a certain sleep problem (insomnia). Show more ▾ It may help you fall asleep faster, stay asleep longer, and lessen how often you wake up during the night, so you can get a better night's rest. Temazepam belongs to a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. It acts on your brain to produce a calming effect. Use of this medication is usually limited to short treatment periods of 1 to 2 weeks or less. If your insomnia continues for a longer time, talk to your doctor to see if you need other treatment. A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent. In 2023, this provider wrote 49 Medicare prescriptions for Temazepam, about 2.1 times the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (23). Medicare paid an average of $8.99 per fill, versus $12.92 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication more often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 55 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,612 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Sertraline Hcl | 32 | $19.22 | ▼ Less than typical |
About Sertraline Hcl: Sertraline is used to treat depression, panic attacks, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, social anxiety disorder (social phobia), and a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (premenstrual dysphoric disorder). Show more ▾ This medication may improve your mood, sleep, appetite, and energy level and may help restore your interest in daily living. It may decrease fear, anxiety, unwanted thoughts, and the number of panic attacks. It may also reduce the urge to perform repeated tasks (compulsions such as hand-washing, counting, and checking) that interfere with daily living. Sertraline is known as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). It works by helping to restore the balance of a certain natural substance (serotonin) in the brain. In 2023, this provider wrote 32 Medicare prescriptions for Sertraline Hcl, about half the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (56). Medicare paid an average of $19.22 per fill, versus $11.85 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 68 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 2,025 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Quetiapine Fumarate | 30 | $12.59▼ below VA avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Quetiapine Fumarate: This medication is used to treat certain mental/mood conditions (such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, sudden episodes of mania or depression associated with bipolar disorder). Show more ▾ Quetiapine is known as an anti-psychotic drug (atypical type). It works by helping to restore the balance of certain natural substances (neurotransmitters) in the brain. This medication can decrease hallucinations and improve your concentration. It helps you to think more clearly and positively about yourself, feel less nervous, and take a more active part in everyday life. It may also improve your mood, sleep, appetite, and energy level. Quetiapine can help prevent severe mood swings or decrease how often mood swings occur. A dibenzothiazepine and ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT that targets the SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTOR; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR, adrenergic alpha1 and alpha2 receptors, as well as the DOPAMINE D1 RECEPTOR and DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTOR. It is used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER and DEPRESSIVE DISORDER. In 2023, this provider wrote 30 Medicare prescriptions for Quetiapine Fumarate, about half the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (53). Medicare paid an average of $12.59 per fill, versus $30.22 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 62 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,860 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Methadone Hcl | 27 | $15.42▼ below VA avg | ≈ Typical |
About Methadone Hcl: This medication is used to treat addiction to opioids (such as heroin) as part of an approved treatment program. Show more ▾ Methadone belongs to a class of drugs known as opioid analgesics. It helps prevent withdrawal symptoms caused by stopping other opioids. A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1082-3) In 2023, this provider wrote 27 Medicare prescriptions for Methadone Hcl, about 77% of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (35). Medicare paid an average of $15.42 per fill, versus $23.05 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 27 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 804 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Gabapentin | 26 | $22.96 | ▼ Less than typical |
About Gabapentin: Gabapentin is used with other medications to prevent and control seizures. Show more ▾ It is also used to relieve nerve pain following shingles (a painful rash due to herpes zoster infection) in adults. Gabapentin is known as an anticonvulsant or antiepileptic drug. A cyclohexane-gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative that is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES; NEURALGIA; and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME. In 2023, this provider wrote 26 Medicare prescriptions for Gabapentin, about a third of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (89). Medicare paid an average of $22.96 per fill, versus $19.87 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 34 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,020 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Ropinirole Hcl | 26 | $148.98 | ≈ Typical |
About Ropinirole Hcl: This medication is used alone or with other medications to treat Parkinson's disease. Show more ▾ It can improve your ability to move and decrease shakiness (tremor), stiffness, slowed movement, and unsteadiness. It may also decrease the number of episodes of not being able to move (on-off syndrome). Ropinirole works by helping to restore the balance of a certain natural substance (dopamine) in the brain. In 2023, this provider wrote 26 Medicare prescriptions for Ropinirole Hcl, about 90% of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (29). Medicare paid an average of $148.98 per fill, versus $21.29 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 78 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 2,340 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Entacapone | 26 | $363.59 | ≈ Typical |
About Entacapone: This medication is used with other medications (levodopa/carbidopa) to treat Parkinson's disease. Show more ▾ Entacapone belongs to a class of drugs known as COMT inhibitors. Many people taking levodopa for Parkinson's have problems with the effects of the levodopa wearing off between scheduled doses, causing symptoms to return or worsen. Entacapone blocks a certain natural substance (COMT enzyme) that breaks down the levodopa in the body. This effect allows the levodopa to last longer in the system so that it doesn't wear off before the next dose. In 2023, this provider wrote 26 Medicare prescriptions for Entacapone, about the same volume as the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (23). Medicare paid an average of $363.59 per fill, versus $261.69 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 64 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,895 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Carbidopa | 24 | $605.32 | ▲ More than typical |
About Carbidopa: This medication is used with a combination levodopa/carbidopa product to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease or Parkinson-like symptoms (such as shakiness, stiffness, difficulty moving). Show more ▾ Carbidopa must be taken together with a drug that contains levodopa to be effective. If used alone, carbidopa has no effect on Parkinson's symptoms. Parkinson's disease is thought to be caused by too little of a naturally occurring substance (dopamine) in the brain. Levodopa changes into dopamine in the brain, helping to control movement. Carbidopa prevents the breakdown of levodopa in the bloodstream so more levodopa can enter the brain. Carbidopa can also reduce some of levodopa's side effects such as nausea and vomiting. An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that prevents conversion of LEVODOPA to dopamine. It is used in PARKINSON DISEASE to reduce peripheral adverse effects of LEVODOPA. It has no anti-parkinson activity by itself. In 2023, this provider wrote 24 Medicare prescriptions for Carbidopa, about 1.3 times the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (18). Medicare paid an average of $605.32 per fill, versus $519.87 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication more often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 57.3 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,692 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Trazodone Hcl | 24 | $17.70 | ▼ Less than typical |
About Trazodone Hcl: This medication is used to treat depression. Show more ▾ It may help to improve your mood, appetite, and energy level as well as decrease anxiety and insomnia related to depression. Trazodone works by helping to restore the balance of a certain natural chemical (serotonin) in the brain. In 2023, this provider wrote 24 Medicare prescriptions for Trazodone Hcl, about a third of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (60). Medicare paid an average of $17.70 per fill, versus $12.68 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 43 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,290 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Mirtazapine | 24 | $14.50▼ below VA avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Mirtazapine: Mirtazapine is used to treat depression. Show more ▾ It improves mood and feelings of well-being. Mirtazapine is an antidepressant that works by restoring the balance of natural chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain. A piperazinoazepine tetracyclic compound that enhances the release of NOREPINEPHRINE and SEROTONIN through blockage of presynaptic ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It also blocks both 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors and is a potent HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used for the treatment of depression, and may also be useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders. In 2023, this provider wrote 24 Medicare prescriptions for Mirtazapine, about half the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (41). Medicare paid an average of $14.50 per fill, versus $24.49 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 46 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,380 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Diazepam | 21 | $5.24▼ below VA avg | ≈ Typical |
About Diazepam: This medication is used to treat episodes of increased seizures (such as cluster or breakthrough seizures) in people who are already taking medications to control their seizures. Show more ▾ This product is only recommended for short-term treatment of seizure attacks. It is not for ongoing daily use to prevent seizures. Uncontrolled seizures can turn into serious (possibly fatal) seizures that do not stop (status epilepticus). This medication is not recommended for children younger than 6 months of age because of the risk of serious side effects. Diazepam works by calming the brain and nerves. It belongs to a class of drugs known as benzodiazepines. A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity. In 2023, this provider wrote 21 Medicare prescriptions for Diazepam, about 75% of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (28). Medicare paid an average of $5.24 per fill, versus $8.10 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 23.7 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 696 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Fludrocortisone Acetate | 19 | $29.56 | ≈ Typical |
About Fludrocortisone Acetate: Fludrocortisone is a man-made form of a natural substance (glucocorticoid) made by the body. Show more ▾ It is used along with other medications (such as hydrocortisone) to treat low glucocorticoid levels caused by disease of the adrenal gland (such as Addison's disease, adrenocortical insufficiency, salt-losing adrenogenital syndrome). Glucocorticoids are needed in many ways for the body to function well. They are important for salt and water balance and keeping blood pressure normal. They are also needed to break down carbohydrates in your diet. In 2023, this provider wrote 19 Medicare prescriptions for Fludrocortisone Acetate, about 1.2 times the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (16). Medicare paid an average of $29.56 per fill, versus $28.73 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 35 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 1,050 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Tramadol Hcl | 19 | $2.77▼ below VA avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Tramadol Hcl: See also Warning section. Show more ▾ This medication is used to help relieve moderate to moderately severe pain. Tramadol belongs to a class of drugs known as opioid analgesics. It works in the brain to change how your body feels and responds to pain. A narcotic analgesic proposed for severe pain. It may be habituating. In 2023, this provider wrote 19 Medicare prescriptions for Tramadol Hcl, about a third of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (49). Medicare paid an average of $2.77 per fill, versus $7.70 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 19 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 362 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Butalbital-Acetaminophen-CaffeButalb/Acetaminophen/Caffeine | 18 | $14.49▼ below VA avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Butalbital-Acetaminophen-Caffe: This combination medication is used to treat tension headaches. Show more ▾ Acetaminophen helps to decrease the pain from the headache. Caffeine helps increase the effects of acetaminophen. Butalbital is a sedative that helps to decrease anxiety and cause sleepiness and relaxation. In 2023, this provider wrote 18 Medicare prescriptions for Butalbital-Acetaminophen-Caffe, about 69% of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (26). Medicare paid an average of $14.49 per fill, versus $35.41 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 18 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 330 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| NourianzIstradefylline | 18 | $3,050.27 | ▼ Less than typical |
About Nourianz: Istradefylline is used by people with Parkinson's disease taking carbidopa/levodopa to reduce the amount of off time (periods of slow movement or stiffness). In 2023, this provider wrote 18 Medicare prescriptions for Nourianz, about half the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (33). Medicare paid an average of $3,050.27 per fill, versus $2,406.75 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 28.9 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 867 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Carbidopa-Levodopa-EntacaponeCarbidopa/Levodopa/Entacapone | 17 | $192.65▼ below VA avg | ≈ Typical |
About Carbidopa-Levodopa-Entacapone: This combination medication is used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease (such as shakiness, stiffness, difficulty moving). Show more ▾ Parkinson's disease is thought to be caused by too little of a naturally occurring substance (dopamine) in the brain. Levodopa changes into dopamine in the brain, helping to control movement. Carbidopa and entacapone prevent the breakdown of levodopa in the bloodstream so more levodopa can enter the brain. Carbidopa can also reduce some of levodopa's side effects such as nausea and vomiting. In 2023, this provider wrote 17 Medicare prescriptions for Carbidopa-Levodopa-Entacapone, about 81% of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (21). Medicare paid an average of $192.65 per fill, versus $308.62 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider's prescribing volume for this medication is in line with the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 23 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 690 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Oxybutynin Chloride | 15 | $9.98▼ below VA avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Oxybutynin Chloride: This is a long-acting form of oxybutynin that is used to treat overactive bladder and urinary conditions. Show more ▾ It relaxes the muscles in the bladder to help decrease problems of urgency and frequent urination. Oxybutynin belongs to a class of drugs known as antispasmodics. This medication is also used to treat children 6 years of age and older who have an overactive bladder due to certain nerve disorders (such as spina bifida). In 2023, this provider wrote 15 Medicare prescriptions for Oxybutynin Chloride, about 65% of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (23). Medicare paid an average of $9.98 per fill, versus $23.14 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 29 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 870 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Donepezil Hcl | 15 | $8.17▼ below VA avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Donepezil Hcl: Donepezil is used to treat confusion (dementia) related to Alzheimer's disease. Show more ▾ It does not cure Alzheimer's disease, but it may improve memory, awareness, and the ability to function. This medication is an enzyme blocker that works by restoring the balance of natural substances (neurotransmitters) in the brain. In 2023, this provider wrote 15 Medicare prescriptions for Donepezil Hcl, about a third of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (50). Medicare paid an average of $8.17 per fill, versus $18.03 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 25 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 750 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| AmantadineAmantadine Hcl | 14 | $45.78▼ below VA avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Amantadine: Amantadine is used to treat Parkinson's disease, as well as side effects caused by drugs (such as drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms), chemicals, and other medical conditions. Show more ▾ In these cases, this medication may help to improve your range of motion and ability to exercise. For the treatment of these conditions, amantadine is believed to work by restoring the balance of natural chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain. Amantadine is used to prevent or treat a certain type of flu (influenza A). If you have been infected with the flu, this medication may help make your symptoms less severe and shorten the time it will take you to get better. Taking amantadine if you have been or will be exposed to the flu may help to prevent you from getting the flu. This medication is an antiviral that is believed to work by stopping growth of the flu virus. This medication is not a vaccine. To increase the chance that you will not get the flu, it is important to get a flu shot once a year at the beginning of every flu season, if possible. Based on the recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in the US, amantadine should not be used to treat or prevent influenza A because the current influenza A virus in the United States and Canada is resistant to this medication. For more details, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. An antiviral that is used in the prophylactic or symptomatic treatment of influenza A. It is also used as an antiparkinsonian agent, to treat extrapyramidal reactions, and for postherpetic neuralgia. The mechanisms of its effects in movement disorders are not well understood but probably reflect an increase in synthesis and release of dopamine, with perhaps some inhibition of dopamine uptake. In 2023, this provider wrote 14 Medicare prescriptions for Amantadine, about 61% of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (23). Medicare paid an average of $45.78 per fill, versus $71.82 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 14 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 410 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Baclofen | 13 | $50.27 | ▼ Less than typical |
About Baclofen: Baclofen is used to treat muscle spasms caused by certain conditions (such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury/disease). Show more ▾ It works by helping to relax the muscles. A GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID derivative that is a specific agonist of GABA-B RECEPTORS. It is used in the treatment of MUSCLE SPASTICITY, especially that due to SPINAL CORD INJURIES. Its therapeutic effects result from actions at spinal and supraspinal sites, generally the reduction of excitatory transmission. In 2023, this provider wrote 13 Medicare prescriptions for Baclofen, about a third of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (35). Medicare paid an average of $50.27 per fill, versus $31.92 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 23 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 690 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Aripiprazole | 13 | $28.59▼ below VA avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Aripiprazole: Aripiprazole is used to treat certain mental/mood disorders (such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, Tourette's syndrome, and irritability associated with autistic disorder). Show more ▾ It may also be used in combination with other medication to treat depression. Aripiprazole is known as an antipsychotic drug (atypical type). It works by helping to restore the balance of certain natural chemicals in the brain (neurotransmitters). This medication can decrease hallucinations and improve your concentration. It helps you to think more clearly and positively about yourself, feel less nervous, and take a more active part in everyday life. Aripiprazole can treat severe mood swings and decrease how often mood swings occur. A piperazine and quinolone derivative that is used primarily as an antipsychotic agent. It is a partial agonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT1A and DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS, where it also functions as a post-synaptic antagonist, and an antagonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT2A. It is used for the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA and BIPOLAR DISORDER, and as an adjunct therapy for the treatment of depression. In 2023, this provider wrote 13 Medicare prescriptions for Aripiprazole, about a third of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (41). Medicare paid an average of $28.59 per fill, versus $130.93 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 13 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 390 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Alprazolam | 12 | $3.27▼ below VA avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Alprazolam: Alprazolam is used to treat anxiety and panic disorders. Show more ▾ It belongs to a class of medications called benzodiazepines which act on the brain and nerves (central nervous system) to produce a calming effect. It works by enhancing the effects of a certain natural chemical in the body (GABA). A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238) In 2023, this provider wrote 12 Medicare prescriptions for Alprazolam, about a quarter of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (57). Medicare paid an average of $3.27 per fill, versus $8.30 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 12 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 360 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Risperidone | 12 | $24.62 | ▼ Less than typical |
About Risperidone: Risperidone is used to treat a certain mental/mood disorder called schizophrenia. Show more ▾ This medication can decrease hallucinations, help you to think more clearly and positively about yourself, feel less agitated, and take a more active part in everyday life. Risperidone is an antipsychotic drug (atypical type). It works by helping to restore the balance of certain natural substances in the brain. A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has been shown to improve both positive and negative symptoms in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA. In 2023, this provider wrote 12 Medicare prescriptions for Risperidone, about a quarter of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (48). Medicare paid an average of $24.62 per fill, versus $15.54 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill Gross Part D cost per fill; not the patient's out-of-pocket price. 20 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 600 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Zolpidem Tartrate | 12 | $1.58▼ below VA avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Zolpidem Tartrate: Zolpidem is used for a short time to treat a certain sleep problem (insomnia) in adults. Show more ▾ If you have trouble falling asleep, it helps you fall asleep faster, so you can get a better night's rest. Zolpidem belongs to a class of drugs called sedative-hypnotics. It acts on your brain to produce a calming effect. An imidazopyridine derivative and short-acting GABA-A receptor agonist that is used for the treatment of INSOMNIA. In 2023, this provider wrote 12 Medicare prescriptions for Zolpidem Tartrate, about a third of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (38). Medicare paid an average of $1.58 per fill, versus $8.63 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 12 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 360 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| NeuproRotigotine | 11 | $1,014.03▼ below VA avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Neupro: Rotigotine is used alone or with other medications to treat Parkinson's disease. Show more ▾ It can improve your ability to move and decrease shakiness (tremor), stiffness, slowed movement, and unsteadiness. Rotigotine is also used to treat restless legs syndrome (RLS). Rotigotine is a dopamine agonist that works by helping to restore the balance of a certain natural substance (dopamine) in the brain. In 2023, this provider wrote 11 Medicare prescriptions for Neupro, about half the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (24). Medicare paid an average of $1,014.03 per fill, versus $1,176.26 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 13 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 390 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
| Memantine Hcl | 11 | $11.19▼ below VA avg | ▼ Less than typical |
About Memantine Hcl: Memantine is used to treat moderate to severe confusion (dementia) related to Alzheimer's disease. Show more ▾ It does not cure Alzheimer's disease, but it may improve memory, awareness, and the ability to perform daily functions. This medication works by blocking the action of a certain natural substance in the brain (glutamate) that is believed to be linked to symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. In 2023, this provider wrote 11 Medicare prescriptions for Memantine Hcl, about a quarter of the volume of the typical Virginia prescriber of this medication (47). Medicare paid an average of $11.19 per fill, versus $53.96 statewide. How often this provider prescribes it This provider prescribes this medication less often than the average VA prescriber. Utilization reflects practice size as well as clinical preference. What Medicare paid per fill This provider's average cost per fill is below the VA average for this medication. 21 30-Day Fills standardized to 30-day supplies 630 Days of Medication total across all patients in 2023 | |||
About this data. The prescription history for DR. MARK STEPHEN BARON M.D. is compiled from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Medicare Part D Prescriber Public Use File for calendar year 2023, the most recent federal release. Figures cover prescriptions filled for Medicare Part D beneficiaries only; prescriptions under private insurance, Medicaid, or self-pay plans are not included. Because prescribing decisions are generally consistent across coverage types, this record offers a useful view of the overall Neurology prescribing approach at this Richmond, VA practice.
Reading the costs. Drug costs are gross amounts paid to pharmacies under Part D, including both plan and beneficiary payments. They are not the price a patient pays at the pharmacy counter. Medications with fewer than 11 claims are excluded from the federal source data, and state comparisons use the average volume among VA prescribers of the same medication. Always confirm current medications and costs directly with the provider and your plan.
