MALCOLM A SMITH MD
NPI 1174525174
Internal Medicine - Pulmonary Disease in Texarkana, TX

Q: What is Malcolm Smith's NPI number?

The NPI number for Malcolm Smith is 1174525174. It was assigned to this individual provider in the NPPES registry on August 10, 2005.

Q: What is Malcolm Smith's specialty?

The primary specialty registered for this NPI is Internal Medicine, specializing in Pulmonary Disease, with taxonomy code 207RP1001X.

Q: When was this NPI record last updated?

The NPPES record for Malcolm Smith was last updated on October 3, 2018. NPI Profile syncs with the weekly NPPES data releases published by CMS.

Active since August 10, 2005PECOS EnrolledAccepts Medicare Assignment

5002 COWHORN CREEK RD, TEXARKANA, TX 75503(903) 614-3000(903) 614-3525 Get Directions Write a Review

NPPES record last updated: October 3, 2018. Verified against the NPPES registry weekly; last sync: July 26, 2026.

On this page

About Malcolm A Smith Md NPPES

Official registry information on file with the National Plan and Provider Enumeration System.

MALCOLM A SMITH MD (NPI 1174525174) is an individual pulmonary disease provider in Texarkana, Texas, licensed in Texas (K1682) and active in the NPI registry since August 2005. He is enrolled in Medicare PECOS, is affiliated with Christus Mother Frances Hospital, and is a graduate of University Of Arkansas College Of Medicine (1990).

NPPES Registry Identity

NPI1174525174

Entity TypeIndividualMale

Primary Taxonomy207RP1001X

Provider Legal NameMALCOLM A SMITHCredential: MD

Location Address5002 COWHORN CREEK RDTexarkana, TX 75503-9766

Mailing Address5002 Cowhorn Creek RdTexarkana, TX 75503-9766 · (903) 614-3000 · Fax (903) 614-3525

Phone(903) 614-3000

Fax(903) 614-3525

Sole ProprietorNo

Medical School CMSUniversity Of Arkansas College Of MedicineGraduated 1990

Enumeration DateAugust 10, 2005

Last NPPES UpdateOctober 3, 2018

✔ NPI 1174525174 is a valid, active identifier and passes the ISO check-digit test.

Specialties & Licenses

★ Primary SpecialtyInternal Medicine · Pulmonary DiseaseAllopathic & Osteopathic Physicians

Taxonomy Code207RP1001X

License✔ Licensed in TX · K1682

Definition

An internist who treats diseases of the lungs and airways. The pulmonologist diagnoses and treats cancer, pneumonia, pleurisy, asthma, occupational and environmental diseases, bronchitis, sleep disorders, emphysema and other complex disorders of the lungs.

5002 COWHORN CREEK RD, Texarkana, TX 75503

Open in Google Maps ↗

Other Identifiers 2

Medicaid047200301TX

Medicaid130482001AR

Accepted Insurance

The full list of accepted plans is on the Insurance tab. Issuers include Arkansas Blue Cross and Blue Shield, Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Texas, CHRISTUS Health Plan and more.Insurance ›

Medicare Participation & PECOS CMS

Medicare enrollment, assignment, and ordering and referring status from the CMS PECOS system.

Medicare Enrollment Status

✔

Enrolled in Medicare and accepts Medicare assignment

Malcolm A Smith Md is registered in PECOS and agrees to accept the Medicare-approved amount as full payment. Medicare patients are not billed beyond the standard deductible and coinsurance.

PECOS PAC ID3375683261

PECOS Enrollment IDI20091228000580

Eligible to Order & Refer✔ Part B Labs & Imaging✔ Durable Medical Equipment✔ Home Health Agency✔ Power Mobility DevicesPer the CMS Ordering and Referring file. Eligibility means Medicare pays claims that this provider orders or refers for these categories.

Areas of Expertise CMS Part B claims 36

Services this provider delivered to Medicare fee-for-service patients, from the CMS Medicare utilization data. Higher counts generally reflect more experience with a service; care delivered outside Medicare is not included.

Routine electrocardiogram (ecg) using at least 12 leads with interpretation and report only 93010

A routine electrocardiogram (ECG) with 12 leads is a simple, non-invasive test that records the electrical activity of your heart. It helps in identifying heart conditions by detecting irregularities in your heart rhythms. The results are interpreted and a report is provided.

994 services822 patients

Established patient office or other outpatient visit with moderate level of decision making, if using time, 30 minutes or more 99214

This is a routine check-up for patients who have previously visited our clinic. It involves a comprehensive review of your health and any ongoing treatments. The consultation lasts between 30-39 minutes, allowing enough time to discuss any concerns.

357 services216 patients

Test to examine how well the lungs exchange gases 94729

This is a test called a pulmonary function test, which helps understand the efficiency of your lungs. It measures how much air your lungs can hold, how quickly you can move air in and out of your lungs, and how well your lungs put oxygen into and remove carbon dioxide from your blood.

281 services278 patients

Physician documentation of face-to-face visit for durable medical equipment determination performed by nurse practitioner, physician assistant or clinical nurse specialist G0454

This procedure involves a medical professional, such as a nurse practitioner, conducting a face-to-face visit with a patient to assess the need for durable medical equipment. The physician then documents this visit and the assessment findings to determine the necessity of the equipment.

280 services240 patients

Test to determine lung volumes using sensors 94726

This test, called spirometry, measures lung capacity using sensors. You breathe into a mouthpiece attached to a device that records the amount and rate of air you inhale and exhale. It helps diagnose and monitor lung conditions.

278 services275 patients

Established patient office or other outpatient visit with low level od decision making, if using time, 20 minutes or more 99213

This is a routine visit for patients who have already been seen by the healthcare provider. During this approximately 20-29 minute appointment, your health status will be evaluated and any necessary treatments or tests will be discussed. It's a chance to address any health concerns you may have.

238 services191 patients

Sleep study in sleep lab with continuous airway pressure (6 years or older) 95811

A sleep study in a sleep lab with continuous airway pressure is a test for individuals aged 6 and above. It monitors your sleep patterns to check for disorders like sleep apnea. Continuous airway pressure helps keep your airways open while you sleep, improving your breathing.

212 services206 patients

Test to measure expiratory airflow and volume changes before and after medication administration 94060

This procedure measures how air flows in and out of your lungs. It's done before and after medication to see if the treatment improves your breathing. It's a simple, non-invasive test that involves breathing into a device called a spirometer.

204 services201 patients

Sleep study in sleep lab (6 years or older) 95810

A sleep study in a sleep lab is a non-invasive overnight test that monitors your body while you sleep. It helps doctors understand your sleep patterns and identify any issues like sleep apnea or insomnia. You'll be connected to equipment that tracks your heart rate, brain waves, breathing, and movements.

156 services149 patients

X-ray of chest, 2 views 71046

A chest X-ray, 2 views, is a quick, painless test that creates pictures of the structures inside your chest, such as your heart, lungs, and blood vessels. Two different angles are used to get a comprehensive view. This helps in diagnosing conditions like pneumonia, heart problems, or lung cancer.

155 services122 patients

Therapy procedure using a positive pressure ventilator 94660

A positive pressure ventilator is a device that helps with breathing. It pushes air into the lungs to assist in maintaining oxygen levels. This can be essential for patients with conditions that affect their ability to breathe independently. It's non-invasive and comfortable.

155 services131 patients

Subsequent hospital care with moderate levelof medical decision making, if using time, at least 35 minutes 99232

Follow-up hospital inpatient care involves daily check-ups while you're admitted in the hospital. Typically, a healthcare provider spends about 25 minutes each day reviewing your condition, adjusting treatment if needed, and answering any questions you might have.

112 services53 patients

Test to measure expiratory airflow and volume 94010

This test, known as spirometry, assesses how well your lungs work. It measures how much air you can inhale, how much you can exhale and how quickly you can exhale. It's non-invasive and helps diagnose conditions like asthma or COPD.

84 services84 patients

Sleep study in sleep lab with continuous airway pressure (6 years or older) 95811

68 services66 patients

Sleep study in sleep lab (6 years or older) 95810

58 services58 patients

Irrigation and suction of lung airways to obtain cells using an endoscope 31624

This is a procedure where a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope is inserted through your mouth into the lungs. A small amount of saline is then introduced to wash the airways. The fluid, along with cells from the lung, is suctioned back for analysis.

55 services53 patients

Use of a drug to induce depression of consciousness by physician performing a procedure (5 years or older), initial 15 minutes 99152

This procedure involves a doctor administering a medication to reduce your consciousness during a procedure. This helps in managing discomfort and anxiety. The initial application lasts for 15 minutes and is for individuals aged 5 years or older.

43 services43 patients

Test to determine lung volumes using sensors 94726

42 services42 patients

Test to measure expiratory airflow and volume changes before and after medication administration 94060

40 services40 patients

Test to examine how well the lungs exchange gases 94729

37 services37 patients

Biopsy of lobe of lung using an endoscope, 1 lobe 31628

A lung biopsy is a procedure where a small piece of lung tissue is taken for testing. An endoscope, a flexible tube with a light and camera, is used. It's inserted through the mouth or nose, down the windpipe, and into one lobe of the lung.

36 services35 patients

Insertion of needle into vein for collection of blood sample 36415

This procedure involves inserting a small needle into a vein, typically in your arm, to collect a blood sample. It's a quick and simple process to help diagnose or monitor health conditions. You may feel a small prick, but discomfort is minimal.

35 services28 patients

Initial hospital care with moderate level of medical decision making, if using time, at least 75 minutes 99223

Initial hospital inpatient care per day, typically 70 minutes, refers to the daily medical service provided to patients admitted to the hospital. This includes a comprehensive evaluation, diagnosis, treatment plan, and monitoring of your health condition. It ensures your well-being during your hospital stay.

35 services31 patients

Aspiration of fluid from chest cavity using imaging guidance 32555

This procedure, known as a thoracentesis, involves removing fluid from the space between the lungs and chest wall, called the pleural space. It's performed under imaging guidance to ensure precision. It can help diagnose conditions or relieve symptoms like shortness of breath.

30 services25 patients

Initial hospital care with straightforward or low-level medical decision making, if using time, at least 55 minutes 99222

Initial hospital inpatient care is a service where a healthcare provider spends about 50 minutes per day overseeing your care while you're admitted in the hospital. This includes reviewing your health status, planning your treatment, and ensuring your safety and comfort.

27 services25 patients

Test to measure oxygen level in blood using ear or finger device multiple times 94761

This procedure involves a small device, called a pulse oximeter, which is placed on your finger or ear. It uses light to measure the oxygen in your blood. The test is painless and will be conducted multiple times to ensure accuracy.

25 services24 patients

Test to measure oxygen level in blood using ear or finger device continuously overnight 94762

This procedure involves using a small device, placed on your ear or finger, to continuously monitor your blood oxygen level overnight. It's painless, non-invasive, and helps assess your body's oxygen supply during sleep.

25 services25 patients

Subsequent hospital care with straightforward or low level of medical decision making, per day, if using time, at least 25 minutes 99231

Follow-up hospital inpatient care is a daily service where a healthcare professional checks on your health progress during your hospital stay. Each session typically lasts 15 minutes, involving updates on your condition and adjustments to your treatment plan, if necessary.

24 services15 patients

Needle biopsy of windpipe cartilage, airway, and/or lung using an endoscope 31629

A needle biopsy of windpipe cartilage, airway, or lung involves using a thin, flexible tube with a camera (endoscope) to access and collect tissue samples. This procedure helps doctors diagnose lung conditions or diseases effectively and safely.

21 services21 patients

Computer-assisted image-guided navigation of lung airways using an endoscope 31627

This procedure involves the use of a special camera, called an endoscope, and computer technology to create real-time images of your lung airways. This helps doctors navigate through your lungs accurately, aiding in diagnosis or treatment.

18 services18 patients

Drainage of fluid from chest cavity with insertion of indwelling tube using imaging guidance 32557

This procedure involves removing fluid from your chest cavity, which is the space around your lungs. A small tube is inserted, under image guidance, to drain the fluid. This tube stays in place to prevent fluid buildup, aiding in your breathing and comfort.

17 services14 patients

Evaluation of sleep-disordered breathing by examination of upper airway using an endoscope 42975

This procedure examines your upper airway for sleep-related breathing issues. An endoscope, a thin tube with a light and camera, is gently inserted through your nose. This allows a detailed view of your airway to identify any abnormalities that could disrupt your sleep.

17 services17 patients

Home sleep test (hst) with type iii portable monitor, unattended; minimum of 4 channels: 2 respiratory movement/airflow, 1 ecg/heart rate and 1 oxygen saturation G0399

A Home Sleep Test (HST) with a Type III Portable Monitor is an unattended test that records your breathing, heart rate, and oxygen levels during sleep. This test uses a minimum of 4 channels to monitor these parameters, helping to diagnose sleep disorders.

16 services15 patients

New patient office or other outpatient visit with moderate level of medical decision making, if using time, 45 minutes or more 99204

This is a first-time office or outpatient visit lasting between 45-59 minutes. The healthcare provider evaluates your health, discusses your medical history, and may suggest further tests or treatments. It's an opportunity to ask questions and understand your health better.

15 services15 patients

New patient office or other outpatient visit with low level of medical decision making, if using time, 30 minutes or more 99203

This service involves an initial office or outpatient visit for a new patient. The healthcare professional will spend 30-44 minutes understanding your health history, current issues, and discussing possible treatment plans. It's a comprehensive evaluation to start your healthcare journey.

13 services13 patients

Aspiration of initial secretion of lung airway using an endoscope 31645

This procedure involves using a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope to collect initial secretions from your lung airway. This helps doctors diagnose and treat respiratory conditions. It's a safe, minimally invasive procedure.

12 services12 patients

Hospital Affiliations CMS Care Compare 2

Hospitals where this provider delivers care, identified from recent Medicare claims and place-of-service records.

Christus Mother Frances Hospital

Acute Care Hospitals · Tyler, TX

3/5 CMS rating

OwnershipVoluntary non-profit - Private

CMS Certification Number450102

Location800 East DawsonTyler, TX 75701 · Smith County

Emergency services Birthing friendly

Christus St Michael Health System

Acute Care Hospitals · Texarkana, TX

4/5 CMS rating

OwnershipVoluntary non-profit - Church

CMS Certification Number450801

Location2600 St Michael DrTexarkana, TX 75503 · Bowie County

Emergency services Birthing friendly

Physician Visit Costs CMS claims · ZIP area

Typical Medicare office-visit costs in the 75503 ZIP code area, from fee-for-service claims. These are area statistics, not this provider’s prices; actual charges vary by service and coverage.

New Patient

$126.40 typical visit price

range $54.84 – $166.88

Typical copayment $31.60 (range $13.71 – $41.72)

Most-billed visit code 99204

Established Patient

$97.05 typical visit price

range $17.52 – $136.11

Typical copayment $24.26 (range $4.38 – $34.02)

Most-billed visit code 99214

Amounts reflect what Medicare beneficiaries in this ZIP area are typically charged for office visits. Patients with other coverage should check their individual plans.

Referred Medical Equipment & Supplies CMS DME claims 33

Durable medical equipment, devices and supplies this provider ordered from DME suppliers for patients, from Medicare fee-for-service claims.

Tubing with integrated heating element for use with positive airway pressure device A4604

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

13 suppliers101 claims101 services$40.22 avg. paid by Medicare

Administration set, with small volume nonfiltered pneumatic nebulizer, disposable A7003

DME-Other DME · category DE000N

7 suppliers78 claims149 services$1.63 avg. paid by Medicare

Small volume nonfiltered pneumatic nebulizer, disposable A7004

DME-Other DME · category DE000N

1 supplier34 claims68 services$1.15 avg. paid by Medicare

Administration set, with small volume nonfiltered pneumatic nebulizer, non-disposable A7005

DME-Other DME · category DE000N

5 suppliers11 claims11 services$14.40 avg. paid by Medicare

Full face mask used with positive airway pressure device, each A7030

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

12 suppliers73 claims73 services$104.83 avg. paid by Medicare

Face mask interface, replacement for full face mask, each A7031

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

13 suppliers69 claims197 services$38.99 avg. paid by Medicare

Cushion for use on nasal mask interface, replacement only, each A7032

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

10 suppliers31 claims170 services$19.31 avg. paid by Medicare

Pillow for use on nasal cannula type interface, replacement only, pair A7033

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

5 suppliers23 claims94 services$16.86 avg. paid by Medicare

Nasal interface (mask or cannula type) used with positive airway pressure device, with or without head strap A7034

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

12 suppliers53 claims53 services$60.17 avg. paid by Medicare

Headgear used with positive airway pressure device A7035

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

19 suppliers68 claims68 services$20.42 avg. paid by Medicare

Chinstrap used with positive airway pressure device A7036

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

6 suppliers13 claims13 services$9.34 avg. paid by Medicare

Tubing used with positive airway pressure device A7037

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

14 suppliers25 claims25 services$16.71 avg. paid by Medicare

Filter, disposable, used with positive airway pressure device A7038

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

18 suppliers128 claims714 services$2.50 avg. paid by Medicare

Filter, non disposable, used with positive airway pressure device A7039

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

8 suppliers13 claims13 services$7.71 avg. paid by Medicare

Water chamber for humidifier, used with positive airway pressure device, replacement, each A7046

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

12 suppliers52 claims52 services$12.50 avg. paid by Medicare

Portable gaseous oxygen system, rental; includes portable container, regulator, flowmeter, humidifier, cannula or mask, and tubing E0431

DME-Oxygen and Supplies · category DC000N

6 suppliers73 claims77 services$17.94 avg. paid by Medicare

Portable oxygen contents, gaseous, 1 month's supply = 1 unit E0443

DME-Oxygen and Supplies · category DC000N

4 suppliers26 claims26 services$44.37 avg. paid by Medicare

Home ventilator, any type, used with non-invasive interface, (e.g., mask, chest shell) E0466

DME-Other DME · category DE005N

3 suppliers27 claims27 services$906.16 avg. paid by Medicare

Respiratory assist device, bi-level pressure capability, without backup rate feature, used with noninvasive interface, e.g., nasal or facial mask (intermittent assist device with continuous positive airway pressure device) E0470

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

4 suppliers19 claims19 services$100.19 avg. paid by Medicare

Respiratory assist device, bi-level pressure capability, with back-up rate feature, used with noninvasive interface, e.g., nasal or facial mask (intermittent assist device with continuous positive airway pressure device) E0471

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

3 suppliers21 claims21 services$255.49 avg. paid by Medicare

Humidifier, heated, used with positive airway pressure device E0562

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

4 suppliers14 claims14 services$14.34 avg. paid by Medicare

Nebulizer, with compressor E0570

DME-Other DME · category DE000N

7 suppliers66 claims68 services$6.67 avg. paid by Medicare

Continuous positive airway pressure (cpap) device E0601

DME-Other DME · category DE001N

6 suppliers59 claims59 services$41.03 avg. paid by Medicare

Oxygen concentrator, single delivery port, capable of delivering 85 percent or greater oxygen concentration at the prescribed flow rate E1390

DME-Oxygen and Supplies · category DC002N

11 suppliers343 claims343 services$94.95 avg. paid by Medicare

Portable oxygen concentrator, rental E1392

DME-Oxygen and Supplies · category DC002N

9 suppliers213 claims213 services$32.89 avg. paid by Medicare

Arformoterol, inhalation solution, fda approved final product, non-compounded, administered through dme, unit dose form, 15 micrograms J7605

DME-Drugs Administered Through DME · category DG006N

1 supplier12 claims720 services$4.41 avg. paid by Medicare

Formoterol fumarate, inhalation solution, fda approved final product, non-compounded, administered through dme, unit dose form, 20 micrograms J7606

DME-Drugs Administered Through DME · category DG006N

5 suppliers47 claims2,760 services$6.42 avg. paid by Medicare

Albuterol, inhalation solution, fda-approved final product, non-compounded, administered through dme, unit dose, 1 mg J7613

DME-Drugs Administered Through DME · category DG006N

7 suppliers82 claims16,944 services$0.03 avg. paid by Medicare

Albuterol, up to 2.5 mg and ipratropium bromide, up to 0.5 mg, fda-approved final product, non-compounded, administered through dme J7620

DME-Drugs Administered Through DME · category DG006N

5 suppliers64 claims6,840 services$0.09 avg. paid by Medicare

Budesonide, inhalation solution, fda-approved final product, non-compounded, administered through dme, unit dose form, up to 0.5 mg J7626

DME-Drugs Administered Through DME · category DG000N

5 suppliers54 claims3,222 services$0.78 avg. paid by Medicare

Ipratropium bromide, inhalation solution, fda-approved final product, non-compounded, administered through dme, unit dose form, per milligram J7644

DME-Drugs Administered Through DME · category DG006N

2 suppliers14 claims840 services$0.15 avg. paid by Medicare

Portable gaseous oxygen system, rental; home compressor used to fill portable oxygen cylinders; includes portable containers, regulator, flowmeter, humidifier, cannula or mask, and tubing K0738

DME-Oxygen and Supplies · category DC000N

1 supplier11 claims11 services$34.06 avg. paid by Medicare

Pharmacy dispensing fee for inhalation drug(s); per 30 days Q0513

DME-Other DME · category DE000N

9 suppliers202 claims202 services$24.31 avg. paid by Medicare

Dollar amounts are the average Medicare paid the supplier per service. They are not the cost to the patient.

Leave this field empty

Other Providers at the Same Location NPPES 20

Providers registered at the same practice address, or within the immediate area, according to the NPPES registry.

VIRGINIA ANN PARKER FNP

Nurse Practitioner (Family)

5002 COWHORN CREEK RD
TEXARKANA, TX 75503

Bowie County (903) 614-3000

JOSEPH SEAN WOMACK MD

Urology

5002 COWHORN CREEK RD
TEXARKANA, TX 75503

Bowie County (903) 614-3000

NANCY V GRAVES M.D.

Psychiatry & Neurology (Psychiatry)

5002 COWHORN CREEK RD
TEXARKANA, TX 75503

Bowie County (903) 614-3000

COLLOM & CARNEY CLINIC ASSOCIATION

Internal Medicine (Cardiovascular Disease)

5002 COWHORN CREEK RD
TEXARKANA, TX 75503

Bowie County (903) 614-3000

DR. FRANCIS FORD LACHOWSKY M.D.

Allergy & Immunology

5002 COWHORN CREEK RD
TEXARKANA, TX 75503

Bowie County (903) 614-3000

JONATHAN F THOMAS MD

Internal Medicine (Rheumatology)

5002 COWHORN CREEK RD
TEXARKANA, TX 75503

Bowie County (903) 614-3000

JOB JACOB M.D.

Internal Medicine (Gastroenterology)

5002 COWHORN CREEK RD
TEXARKANA, TX 75503

Bowie County (903) 614-3000

WILLIAM BOWLING P.A

Physician Assistant

5002 COWHORN CREEK RD
TEXARKANA, TX 75503

Bowie County (903) 614-3000

Frequently Asked Questions NPPES & CMS

Common questions about this NPI record, answered from the official NPPES registry and CMS datasets shown on this page.

What is Malcolm Smith's NPI number?

The NPI number for Malcolm Smith is 1174525174. It was assigned to this individual provider in the NPPES registry on August 10, 2005.

Where is Malcolm Smith located?

Malcolm Smith practices at 5002 Cowhorn Creek Rd, Texarkana, TX 75503. The listed phone number is (903) 614-3000.

What is Malcolm Smith's specialty?

The primary specialty registered for this NPI is Internal Medicine, specializing in Pulmonary Disease, with taxonomy code 207RP1001X.

Is Malcolm Smith enrolled in Medicare?

Yes. Malcolm Smith is registered in the Medicare PECOS system and accepts Medicare assignment, which means accepting the Medicare-approved amount as payment in full for covered services.

What insurance does Malcolm Smith accept?

Health plans from Arkansas Blue Cross and Blue Shield, Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Texas, CHRISTUS Health Plan, Health Advantage and Octave list Malcolm Smith as in-network in at least one marketplace plan. Coverage varies by plan and year; verify with the insurer or the provider before a visit.

Is Malcolm Smith affiliated with any hospitals?

According to CMS data, Malcolm Smith is affiliated with Christus Mother Frances Hospital and Christus St Michael Health System.

When was this NPI record last updated?

The NPPES record for Malcolm Smith was last updated on October 3, 2018. NPI Profile syncs with the weekly NPPES data releases published by CMS.