KELLY ANN RUSSO
Prescription History 1760065254
Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program in Rochester, NY

NPI Status: Active since May 03, 2021

Contact Information

601 ELMWOOD AVE
ROCHESTER, NY
ZIP 14642
Phone: (585) 756-4800

Get Directions

Prescription History for Informed Healthcare Decisions

Explore the verified Medicare Part D prescription history, volume metrics, and calculated drug costs for KELLY ANN RUSSO, an active Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program specialist practicing in Rochester, NY. Our medical registry currently tracks 29 unique pharmaceutical formulations prescribed by this provider, representing an estimated volume of 504 documented patient claims. Among these therapy options, the most frequently utilized medication is Gabapentin, which accounts for 38 claims alone.


Albuterol Sulfate Hfa

Generic Formulation: Albuterol SulfateSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 20
30-Day Fills 22.0
Days Supply 575
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims66.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills79.4
Peer Average Days Supply2,056
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 69.7% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $491.71 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$24.59

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$47.16

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.

Therapeutic Applications

Albuterol (also known as salbutamol) is used to treat wheezing and shortness of breath caused by breathing problems such as asthma. It is a quick-relief medication. Albuterol belongs to a class of drugs known as bronchodilators. It works by relaxing the muscles around the airways so that they open up and you can breathe more easily. Controlling symptoms of breathing problems can decrease time lost from work or school.

Allopurinol

Generic Formulation: AllopurinolSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 13
30-Day Fills 13.0
Days Supply 364
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims44.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills98.6
Peer Average Days Supply2,923
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 70.5% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $107.38 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$8.26

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$14.64

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.

Therapeutic Applications

Allopurinol is used to treat gout and certain types of kidney stones. It is also used to prevent increased uric acid levels in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy. These patients can have increased uric acid levels due to release of uric acid from the dying cancer cells. Allopurinol works by reducing the amount of uric acid made by the body. Increased uric acid levels can cause gout and kidney problems.

Amitriptyline Hcl

Generic Formulation: Amitriptyline HclSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 11
30-Day Fills 17.3
Days Supply 519
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims27.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills43.5
Peer Average Days Supply1,288
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 59.3% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $301.17 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$27.38

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$20.11

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is used to treat mental/mood problems such as depression. It may help improve mood and feelings of well-being, relieve anxiety and tension, help you sleep better, and increase your energy level. This medication belongs to a class of medications called tricyclic antidepressants. It works by affecting the balance of certain natural chemicals (neurotransmitters such as serotonin) in the brain.

Amlodipine Besylate

Generic Formulation: Amlodipine BesylateSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 30
30-Day Fills 40.0
Days Supply 1,147
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims145.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills322.8
Peer Average Days Supply9,568
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 79.3% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $177.52 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$5.92

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$7.83

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.

Therapeutic Applications

Amlodipine is used with or without other medications to treat high blood pressure. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Amlodipine belongs to a class of drugs known as calcium channel blockers. It works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow more easily. Amlodipine is also used to prevent certain types of chest pain (angina). It may help to increase your ability to exercise and decrease the frequency of angina attacks. It should not be used to treat attacks of chest pain when they occur. Use other medications (such as sublingual nitroglycerin) to relieve attacks of chest pain as directed by your doctor.

Atorvastatin Calcium

Generic Formulation: Atorvastatin CalciumSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 33
30-Day Fills 63.5
Days Supply 1,886
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims180.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills416.3
Peer Average Days Supply12,348
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 81.7% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $601.45 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$18.23

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$13.12

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A pyrrole and heptanoic acid derivative, HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR (statin), and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that is used to reduce serum levels of LDL-CHOLESTEROL; APOLIPOPROTEIN B; and TRIGLYCERIDES. It is used to increase serum levels of HDL-CHOLESTEROL in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS, and for the prevention of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES in patients with multiple risk factors.

Therapeutic Applications

Atorvastatin is used along with a proper diet to help lower bad cholesterol and fats (such as LDL, triglycerides) and raise good cholesterol (HDL) in the blood. It belongs to a group of drugs known as statins. It works by reducing the amount of cholesterol made by the liver. Lowering bad cholesterol and triglycerides and raising good cholesterol decreases the risk of heart disease and helps prevent strokes and heart attacks. In addition to eating a proper diet (such as a low-cholesterol/low-fat diet), other lifestyle changes that may help this medication work better include exercising, losing weight if overweight, and stopping smoking. Consult your doctor for more details.

Baclofen

Generic Formulation: BaclofenSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 13
30-Day Fills 17.0
Days Supply 504
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims39.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills48.4
Peer Average Days Supply1,320
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 66.7% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $175.69 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$13.51

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$28.94

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID derivative that is a specific agonist of GABA-B RECEPTORS. It is used in the treatment of MUSCLE SPASTICITY, especially that due to SPINAL CORD INJURIES. Its therapeutic effects result from actions at spinal and supraspinal sites, generally the reduction of excitatory transmission.

Therapeutic Applications

Baclofen is used to treat muscle spasms caused by certain conditions (such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury/disease). It works by helping to relax the muscles.

Basaglar Kwikpen U-100

Generic Formulation: Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.AnlogSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 13
30-Day Fills 13.6
Days Supply 408
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims35.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills56.6
Peer Average Days Supply1,561
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 62.9% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $8,675.86 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$667.37

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$373.10

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A recombinant LONG ACTING INSULIN and HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT that is used to manage BLOOD GLUCOSE in patients with DIABETES MELLITUS.

Therapeutic Applications

Insulin glargine is used with a proper diet and exercise program to control high blood sugar in people with diabetes. Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems, loss of limbs, and sexual function problems. Proper control of diabetes may also lessen your risk of a heart attack or stroke. Insulin glargine is a man-made product that is similar to human insulin. It replaces the insulin that your body would normally make. It acts longer than regular insulin, providing a low, steady level of insulin. It works by helping blood sugar (glucose) get into cells so your body can use it for energy. Insulin glargine may be used with a shorter-acting insulin product. It may also be used alone or with other diabetes drugs. This monograph is about the following insulin glargine products: insulin glargine, insulin glargine-yfgn.

Clonazepam

Generic Formulation: ClonazepamSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 13
30-Day Fills 13.0
Days Supply 300
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims51.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills53.3
Peer Average Days Supply1,511
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 74.5% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $152.75 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$11.75

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$10.30

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.

Therapeutic Applications

Clonazepam is used to prevent and control seizures. This medication is known as an anticonvulsant or antiepileptic drug. It is also used to treat panic attacks. Clonazepam works by calming your brain and nerves. It belongs to a class of drugs called benzodiazepines.

Eliquis

Generic Formulation: ApixabanSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 11
30-Day Fills 11.0
Days Supply 328
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims78.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills127.9
Peer Average Days Supply3,554
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 85.9% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $6,553.52 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$595.77

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$816.86

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

Apixaban is used to prevent serious blood clots from forming due to a certain irregular heartbeat (atrial fibrillation) or after hip/knee replacement surgery. With atrial fibrillation, part of the heart does not beat the way it should. This can lead to blood clots forming, which can travel to other parts of your body (such as the lungs or legs) or increase your risk for stroke. In the United States, apixaban is also approved to treat certain types of blood clots (deep vein thrombosis-DVT, pulmonary embolus-PE) and to prevent them from forming again. Apixaban is an anticoagulant that works by blocking certain clotting proteins in your blood.

Famotidine

Generic Formulation: FamotidineSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 24
30-Day Fills 35.2
Days Supply 1,038
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims47.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills47.7
Peer Average Days Supply1,011
Conservative Utilization

This provider writes prescriptions for this formulation 48.9% less frequently than the standard regional baseline metric for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $271.46 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$11.31

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$4.58

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist. Its main pharmacodynamic effect is the inhibition of gastric secretion.

Therapeutic Applications

Famotidine is used to treat ulcers of the stomach and intestines and to prevent intestinal ulcers from coming back after they have healed. This medication is also used to treat certain stomach and throat (esophagus) problems (such as erosive esophagitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease-GERD, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome). It works by decreasing the amount of acid your stomach makes. It relieves symptoms such as cough that doesn't go away, stomach pain, heartburn, and difficulty swallowing. Famotidine belongs to a class of drugs known as H2 blockers. This medication is also available without a prescription. It is used to prevent and treat heartburn and other symptoms caused by too much acid in the stomach (acid indigestion). If you are taking this medication for self-treatment, it is important to read the manufacturer's package instructions carefully so you know when to consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Gabapentin

Generic Formulation: GabapentinSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 38
30-Day Fills 50.8
Days Supply 1,466
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims78.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills113.9
Peer Average Days Supply3,301
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 51.3% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $1,153.05 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$30.34

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$17.62

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A cyclohexane-gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative that is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES; NEURALGIA; and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.

Therapeutic Applications

Gabapentin is used with other medications to prevent and control seizures. It is also used to relieve nerve pain following shingles (a painful rash due to herpes zoster infection) in adults. Gabapentin is known as an anticonvulsant or antiepileptic drug.

Glipizide Er

Generic Formulation: GlipizideSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 11
30-Day Fills 11.0
Days Supply 308
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims36.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills81.1
Peer Average Days Supply2,420
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 69.4% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $183.04 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$16.64

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$17.71

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized.

Therapeutic Applications

Glipizide is used with a proper diet and exercise program to control high blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes. It may also be used with other diabetes medications. Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems, loss of limbs, and sexual function problems. Proper control of diabetes may also lessen your risk of a heart attack or stroke. Glipizide belongs to the class of drugs known as sulfonylureas. It lowers blood sugar by causing the release of your body's natural insulin.

Hydralazine Hcl

Generic Formulation: Hydralazine HclSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 15
30-Day Fills 15.0
Days Supply 444
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims40.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills70.2
Peer Average Days Supply2,024
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 62.5% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $234.74 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$15.65

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$20.27

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

Hydralazine is used with or without other medications to treat high blood pressure. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Hydralazine is called a vasodilator. It works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow through the body more easily.

Levothyroxine Sodium

Generic Formulation: Levothyroxine SodiumSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 20
30-Day Fills 29.0
Days Supply 870
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims129.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills277.6
Peer Average Days Supply8,147
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 84.5% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $296.14 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$14.81

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$18.60

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.

Therapeutic Applications

Levothyroxine is used to treat an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism). It replaces or provides more thyroid hormone, which is normally produced by the thyroid gland. Low thyroid hormone levels can occur naturally or when the thyroid gland is injured by radiation/medications or removed by surgery. Having enough thyroid hormone is important for maintaining normal mental and physical activity. In children, having enough thyroid hormone is important for normal mental and physical development. This medication is also used to treat other types of thyroid disorders (such as thyroid cancer). This medication should not be used to treat infertility unless it is caused by low thyroid hormone levels.

Lisinopril

Generic Formulation: LisinoprilSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 16
30-Day Fills 17.0
Days Supply 510
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims91.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills211.8
Peer Average Days Supply6,283
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 82.4% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $313.13 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$19.57

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$7.67

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.

Therapeutic Applications

Lisinopril is used to treat high blood pressure. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. It is also used to treat heart failure and to improve survival after a heart attack. Lisinopril belongs to a class of drugs known as ACE inhibitors. It works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow more easily.

Losartan Potassium

Generic Formulation: Losartan PotassiumSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 16
30-Day Fills 31.0
Days Supply 922
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims106.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills244.3
Peer Average Days Supply7,274
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 84.9% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $382.74 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$23.92

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$11.17

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.

Therapeutic Applications

Losartan is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and to help protect the kidneys from damage due to diabetes. It is also used to lower the risk of strokes in patients with high blood pressure and an enlarged heart. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Losartan belongs to a class of drugs called angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). It works by relaxing blood vessels so that blood can flow more easily.

Metformin Hcl

Generic Formulation: Metformin HclSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 15
30-Day Fills 19.1
Days Supply 552
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims96.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills208.5
Peer Average Days Supply6,179
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 84.4% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $100.94 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$6.73

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$8.89

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289)

Therapeutic Applications

Metformin is used with a proper diet and exercise program and possibly with other medications to control high blood sugar. It is used in patients with type 2 diabetes. Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems, loss of limbs, and sexual function problems. Proper control of diabetes may also lessen your risk of a heart attack or stroke. Metformin works by helping to restore your body's proper response to the insulin you naturally produce. It also decreases the amount of sugar that your liver makes and that your stomach/intestines absorb.

Metformin Hcl Er

Generic Formulation: Metformin HclSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 12
30-Day Fills 16.0
Days Supply 480
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims53.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills124.7
Peer Average Days Supply3,719
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 77.4% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $236.76 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$19.73

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$11.60

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289)

Therapeutic Applications

Metformin is used with a proper diet and exercise program and possibly with other medications to control high blood sugar. It is used in patients with type 2 diabetes. Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems, loss of limbs, and sexual function problems. Proper control of diabetes may also lessen your risk of a heart attack or stroke. Metformin works by helping to restore your body's proper response to the insulin you naturally produce. It also decreases the amount of sugar that your liver makes and that your stomach/intestines absorb.

Metoprolol Succinate

Generic Formulation: Metoprolol SuccinateSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 19
30-Day Fills 38.0
Days Supply 1,125
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims118.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills269.4
Peer Average Days Supply7,996
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 83.9% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $417.23 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$21.96

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$20.40

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is a beta-blocker used to treat chest pain (angina), heart failure, and high blood pressure. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. This drug works by blocking the action of certain natural chemicals in your body (such as epinephrine) that affect the heart and blood vessels. This lowers heart rate, blood pressure, and strain on the heart.

Metoprolol Tartrate

Generic Formulation: Metoprolol TartrateSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 13
30-Day Fills 13.0
Days Supply 364
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims63.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills126.7
Peer Average Days Supply3,686
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 79.4% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $65.39 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$5.03

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$8.84

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.

Therapeutic Applications

Metoprolol is used with or without other medications to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. This medication is also used to treat chest pain (angina) and to improve survival after a heart attack. Metoprolol belongs to a class of drugs known as beta blockers. It works by blocking the action of certain natural chemicals in your body, such as epinephrine, on the heart and blood vessels. This effect lowers the heart rate, blood pressure, and strain on the heart.

Mirtazapine

Generic Formulation: MirtazapineSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 13
30-Day Fills 17.0
Days Supply 506
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims54.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills69.7
Peer Average Days Supply1,938
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 75.9% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $187.55 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$14.43

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$20.97

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A piperazinoazepine tetracyclic compound that enhances the release of NOREPINEPHRINE and SEROTONIN through blockage of presynaptic ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It also blocks both 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors and is a potent HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used for the treatment of depression, and may also be useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders.

Therapeutic Applications

Mirtazapine is used to treat depression. It improves mood and feelings of well-being. Mirtazapine is an antidepressant that works by restoring the balance of natural chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain.

Montelukast Sodium

Generic Formulation: Montelukast SodiumSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 12
30-Day Fills 28.0
Days Supply 810
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims55.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills108.8
Peer Average Days Supply3,230
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 78.2% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $427.44 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$35.62

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$15.11

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

Montelukast is used to control and prevent symptoms caused by asthma (such as wheezing and shortness of breath). It is also used before exercise to prevent breathing problems during exercise (bronchospasm). This medication can help decrease the number of times you need to use your quick relief inhaler. Montelukast is also used to relieve symptoms of hay fever and allergic rhinitis (such as sneezing, stuffy/runny/itchy nose). Since there are other allergy medications that may be safer (see also Warning section), this medication should be used for this condition only when you cannot take other allergy medications or they do not work well. This medication must be used regularly to be effective. It does not work right away and should not be used to relieve sudden asthma attacks or breathing problems. If an asthma attack or sudden shortness of breath occurs, use your quick-relief inhaler as prescribed. This drug works by blocking certain natural substances (leukotrienes) that may cause or worsen asthma and allergies. It helps make breathing easier by reducing swelling (inflammation) in the airways.

Novolog Flexpen

Generic Formulation: Insulin AspartSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 16
30-Day Fills 18.7
Days Supply 519
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims35.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills59.0
Peer Average Days Supply1,655
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 54.3% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $11,600.76 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$725.05

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$851.21

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

Insulin that has been modified to contain an ASPARTIC ACID instead of a PROLINE at position 38 of the B-chain.

Therapeutic Applications

Insulin aspart is used with a proper diet and exercise program to control high blood sugar in people with diabetes. Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems, loss of limbs, and sexual function problems. Proper control of diabetes may also lessen your risk of a heart attack or stroke. Insulin aspart is a man-made product that is similar to human insulin. It replaces the insulin that your body would normally make. Insulin aspart starts working faster and lasts for a shorter time than regular insulin. It works by helping blood sugar (glucose) get into cells so your body can use it for energy. This medication is usually used with a medium- or long-acting insulin product.

Omeprazole

Generic Formulation: OmeprazoleSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 34
30-Day Fills 51.5
Days Supply 1,500
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims96.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills191.0
Peer Average Days Supply5,662
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 64.6% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $457.41 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$13.45

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$12.73

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.

Therapeutic Applications

Omeprazole is used to treat certain stomach and esophagus problems (such as acid reflux, ulcers). It works by decreasing the amount of acid your stomach makes. It relieves symptoms such as heartburn, difficulty swallowing, and cough. This medication helps heal acid damage to the stomach and esophagus, helps prevent ulcers, and may help prevent cancer of the esophagus. Omeprazole belongs to a class of drugs known as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). If you are self-treating with this medication, over-the-counter omeprazole products are used to treat frequent heartburn (occurring 2 or more days a week). Since it may take 1 to 4 days to have full effect, these products do not relieve heartburn right away. For over-the-counter products, carefully read the package instructions to make sure the product is right for you. Check the ingredients on the label even if you have used the product before. The manufacturer may have changed the ingredients. Also, products with similar brand names may contain different ingredients meant for different purposes. Taking the wrong product could harm you.

Pantoprazole Sodium

Generic Formulation: Pantoprazole SodiumSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 22
30-Day Fills 22.1
Days Supply 610
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims66.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills125.2
Peer Average Days Supply3,670
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 66.7% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $214.70 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$9.76

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$17.75

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

2-pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazole proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX and PEPTIC ULCER.

Therapeutic Applications

Pantoprazole is used to treat certain stomach and esophagus problems (such as acid reflux). It works by decreasing the amount of acid your stomach makes. This medication relieves symptoms such as heartburn, difficulty swallowing, and cough. It helps heal acid damage to the stomach and esophagus, helps prevent ulcers, and may help prevent cancer of the esophagus. Pantoprazole belongs to a class of drugs known as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).

Rosuvastatin Calcium

Generic Formulation: Rosuvastatin CalciumSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 17
30-Day Fills 23.0
Days Supply 664
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims101.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills245.8
Peer Average Days Supply7,341
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 83.2% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $167.00 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$9.82

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$29.09

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA-REDUCTASE INHIBITOR, or statin, that reduces the plasma concentrations of LDL-CHOLESTEROL; APOLIPOPROTEIN B, and TRIGLYCERIDES while increasing HDL-CHOLESTEROL levels in patients with HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA and those at risk for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES.

Therapeutic Applications

Rosuvastatin is used along with a proper diet to help lower bad cholesterol and fats (such as LDL, triglycerides) and raise good cholesterol (HDL) in the blood. It belongs to a group of drugs known as statins. It works by reducing the amount of cholesterol made by the liver. Lowering bad cholesterol and triglycerides and raising good cholesterol decreases the risk of heart disease and helps to prevent strokes and heart attacks. In addition to eating a proper diet (such as a low cholesterol/low-fat diet), other lifestyle changes that may help this medication work better include exercising, losing weight if overweight, and stopping smoking. Talk with your doctor for more details.

Valacyclovir

Generic Formulation: Valacyclovir HclSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 11
30-Day Fills 13.0
Days Supply 388
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims23.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills32.9
Peer Average Days Supply768
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 52.2% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $355.78 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$32.34

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$46.60

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A prodrug of acyclovir that is used in the treatment of HERPES ZOSTER and HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTION of the skin and mucous membranes, including GENITAL HERPES.

Therapeutic Applications

Valacyclovir is used to treat infections caused by certain types of viruses. In children, it is used to treat cold sores around the mouth (caused by herpes simplex) and chickenpox (caused by varicella zoster). In adults, it is used to treat shingles (caused by herpes zoster) and cold sores around the mouth. Valacyclovir is also used to treat outbreaks of genital herpes. In people with frequent outbreaks, this medication is used to reduce the number of future episodes. Valacyclovir is an antiviral drug. It stops the growth of certain viruses. However, it is not a cure for these infections. The viruses that cause these infections continue to live in the body even between outbreaks. Valacyclovir decreases the severity and length of these outbreaks. It helps the sores heal faster, keeps new sores from forming, and decreases pain/itching. This medication may also help reduce how long pain remains after the sores heal.

Varenicline Tartrate

Generic Formulation: Varenicline TartrateSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 11
30-Day Fills 11.0
Days Supply 295
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims16.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills18.5
Peer Average Days Supply504
Conservative Utilization

This provider writes prescriptions for this formulation 31.3% less frequently than the standard regional baseline metric for practitioners inside NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $3,677.78 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$334.34

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$410.22

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A benzazepine derivative that functions as an ALPHA4-BETA2 NICOTINIC RECEPTOR partial agonist. It is used for SMOKING CESSATION.

Therapeutic Applications

Varenicline is used by adults to help stop smoking. To increase your chance of success, use this medication with a stop-smoking program that includes education, support, and counseling. Quitting smoking lowers your risk of heart and lung disease, as well as cancer. Varenicline works by blocking nicotine's effects in the brain that make you want to smoke. Discuss the risks and benefits of this medication, as well as other ways to quit smoking (such as nicotine replacement treatment), with your doctor.

Victoza 2-Pak

Generic Formulation: LiraglutideSpecialty: Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 12
30-Day Fills 12.0
Days Supply 360
NY State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims16.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills19.7
Peer Average Days Supply553
Standard Average Utilization

This provider's prescribing patterns for this therapeutic formulation sit directly in line with standard baseline averages across NY. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $9,490.04 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$790.84

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$883.02

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

An analog of GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE 1 and agonist of the GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE 1 RECEPTOR that is used as a HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT and supplemental therapy in the treatment of DIABETES MELLITUS by patients who do not respond to METFORMIN.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is used with a doctor-approved exercise, behavior change, and reduced-calorie diet program to help you lose weight. It is used by certain overweight people, such as those who are obese or have weight-related medical problems. Losing weight and keeping it off can lessen the many health risks that come with obesity, including heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, and a shorter life. Liraglutide is similar to a natural hormone in your body (incretin). It works by controlling your appetite.

Dataset Methodology & CMS Source Information

This analytical profile maps public infrastructure records sourced directly from official **Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)** public data releases. The statistics above track documented pharmaceutical treatment trends assigned to beneficiaries specifically under federal public programs. Evaluating the prescriptive footprints of clinical practitioners like KELLY ANN RUSSO provides transparency into local medical care patterns within Rochester, NY.

Key Learning Objectives for this Profile:

  • Prescribing Frequencies: Track and evaluate the volume metrics of specific brand-name and generic medical formulas chosen by this provider over time.
  • Clinical Focus Areas: Identify how the provider distributes therapeutic selections across medical care options to gain insight into their true day-to-day **Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training Program** practice concentrations.
  • Program Cost Awareness: Review the calculated total systemic drug costs and raw transactional volumes linked to these orders to better anticipate network insurance coverage structures.
  • Patient-Centered Evaluation: Cross-reference localized regional care comparisons to align practitioner habits directly with your proactive health maintenance goals.

Data Scope Exclusion & Limitations: The data elements presented above explicitly reflect prescription orders processed for Medicare beneficiaries during the year 2023. This informational profile does not aggregate prescription data for individuals utilizing private commercial health plans, state Medicaid coverage, or self-pay options. However, because medical decision-making remains highly consistent across clinical settings, this public registry provides a reliable proxy for understanding the general prescribing preferences and pharmaceutical care approach used by this provider.