NICOLE ELISABETH MCCULLOUGH PA-C
Prescription History 1497388441
Physician Assistant - Medical in Swartz Creek, MI

NPI Status: Active since February 18, 2020

Contact Information

5296 GREENLEAF DR
SWARTZ CREEK, MI
ZIP 48473
Phone: (586) 488-8610

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Prescription History for Informed Healthcare Decisions

Explore the verified Medicare Part D prescription history, volume metrics, and calculated drug costs for NICOLE ELISABETH MCCULLOUGH PA-C, an active Medical specialist practicing in Swartz Creek, MI. Our medical registry currently tracks 26 unique pharmaceutical formulations prescribed by this provider, representing an estimated volume of 1,347 documented patient claims. Among these therapy options, the most frequently utilized medication is Prednisone, which accounts for 303 claims alone.


Albuterol Sulfate Hfa

Generic Formulation: Albuterol SulfateSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 35
30-Day Fills 35.0
Days Supply 626
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims58.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills71.6
Peer Average Days Supply1,834
Conservative Utilization

This provider writes prescriptions for this formulation 39.7% less frequently than the standard regional baseline metric for practitioners inside MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $1,160.37 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$33.15

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$51.92

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.

Therapeutic Applications

Albuterol (also known as salbutamol) is used to treat wheezing and shortness of breath caused by breathing problems such as asthma. It is a quick-relief medication. Albuterol belongs to a class of drugs known as bronchodilators. It works by relaxing the muscles around the airways so that they open up and you can breathe more easily. Controlling symptoms of breathing problems can decrease time lost from work or school.

Amoxicillin

Generic Formulation: AmoxicillinSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 21
30-Day Fills 21.0
Days Supply 177
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims38.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills39.0
Peer Average Days Supply266
Conservative Utilization

This provider writes prescriptions for this formulation 44.7% less frequently than the standard regional baseline metric for practitioners inside MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $64.10 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$3.05

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$2.94

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.

Therapeutic Applications

Amoxicillin is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. This medication is a penicillin-type antibiotic. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections. Amoxicillin is also used with other medications to treat stomach/intestinal ulcers caused by the bacteria H. pylori and to prevent the ulcers from returning.

Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Potass

Generic Formulation: Amoxicillin/Potassium ClavSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 65
30-Day Fills 65.0
Days Supply 552
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims22.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills23.1
Peer Average Days Supply209
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 195.5% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $606.18 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$9.33

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$11.62

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A fixed-ratio combination of amoxicillin trihydrate and potassium clavulanate.

Therapeutic Applications

Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid is a combination penicillin-type antibiotic used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections.

Azithromycin

Generic Formulation: AzithromycinSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 141
30-Day Fills 141.0
Days Supply 705
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims35.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills38.0
Peer Average Days Supply327
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 302.9% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $623.87 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$4.42

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$7.93

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is used to treat certain eye infections. It is a macrolide antibiotic that works by stopping the growth of bacteria. This medication treats only bacterial eye infections. It will not work for other types of eye infections. Unnecessary use or misuse of any antibiotic can lead to its decreased effectiveness.

Cefdinir

Generic Formulation: CefdinirSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 49
30-Day Fills 49.0
Days Supply 382
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims24.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills25.0
Peer Average Days Supply210
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 104.2% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $594.77 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$12.14

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$18.38

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A third-generation oral cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used to treat bacterial infections of the respiratory tract and skin.

Therapeutic Applications

Cefdinir is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. This medication is known as a cephalosporin antibiotic. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections.

Cephalexin

Generic Formulation: CephalexinSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 85
30-Day Fills 85.0
Days Supply 679
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims29.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills31.4
Peer Average Days Supply319
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 193.1% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $1,204.31 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$14.17

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$7.06

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. This medication is known as a cephalosporin antibiotic. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. This medication will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Unnecessary use or misuse of any antibiotic can lead to its decreased effectiveness.

Clindamycin Hcl

Generic Formulation: Clindamycin HclSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 14
30-Day Fills 14.0
Days Supply 134
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims21.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills21.9
Peer Average Days Supply149
Conservative Utilization

This provider writes prescriptions for this formulation 33.3% less frequently than the standard regional baseline metric for practitioners inside MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $159.57 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$11.40

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$8.34

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.

Therapeutic Applications

Clindamycin is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. It is an antibiotic that works by stopping the growth of bacteria. This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for virus infections (such as common cold, flu). Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections.

Colchicine

Generic Formulation: ColchicineSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 11
30-Day Fills 11.0
Days Supply 13
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims20.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills30.9
Peer Average Days Supply826
Conservative Utilization

This provider writes prescriptions for this formulation 45.0% less frequently than the standard regional baseline metric for practitioners inside MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $30.08 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$2.73

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$89.65

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A major alkaloid from Colchicum autumnale L. and found also in other Colchicum species. Its primary therapeutic use is in the treatment of gout, but it has been used also in the therapy of familial Mediterranean fever (PERIODIC DISEASE).

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is used to prevent or treat gout attacks (flares). Usually gout symptoms develop suddenly and involve only one or a few joints. The big toe, knee, or ankle joints are most often affected. Gout is caused by too much uric acid in the blood. When uric acid levels in the blood are too high, the uric acid may form hard crystals in your joints. Colchicine works by decreasing swelling and lessening the build up of uric acid crystals that cause pain in the affected joint(s). This medication is also used to prevent attacks of pain in the abdomen, chest, or joints caused by a certain inherited disease (familial Mediterranean fever). It is thought to work by decreasing your body's production of a certain protein (amyloid A) that builds up in people with familial Mediterranean fever. Colchicine is not a pain medication and should not be used to relieve other causes of pain.

Doxycycline Hyclate

Generic Formulation: Doxycycline HyclateSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 136
30-Day Fills 136.0
Days Supply 1,286
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims27.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills30.2
Peer Average Days Supply454
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 403.7% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $970.13 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$7.13

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$19.36

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A synthetic tetracycline derivative with similar antimicrobial activity.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections, including those that cause acne. This medication is also used to prevent malaria. This medication is known as a tetracycline antibiotic. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections.

Erythromycin

Generic Formulation: Erythromycin BaseSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 11
30-Day Fills 11.0
Days Supply 77
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims46.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills48.2
Peer Average Days Supply694
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 76.1% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $157.22 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$14.29

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$18.72

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

Erythromycin is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. It may also be used to prevent certain bacterial infections. Erythromycin is known as a macrolide antibiotic. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. This antibiotic treats or prevents only bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections.

Fluconazole

Generic Formulation: FluconazoleSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 100
30-Day Fills 100.0
Days Supply 362
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims21.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills22.8
Peer Average Days Supply218
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 376.2% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $491.21 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$4.91

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$12.40

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.

Therapeutic Applications

Fluconazole is used to treat vaginal yeast infections. It works by stopping the growth of common types of vaginal yeast (fungus). This medication belongs to a class of drugs called azole antifungals.

Fluticasone Propionate

Generic Formulation: Fluticasone PropionateSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 142
30-Day Fills 195.3
Days Supply 5,823
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims50.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills83.5
Peer Average Days Supply2,490
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 184.0% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $1,308.60 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$9.22

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$19.40

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A STEROID with GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR activity that is used to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA; ALLERGIC RHINITIS, and ATOPIC DERMATITIS.

Therapeutic Applications

Fluticasone is used to control and prevent symptoms (such as wheezing and shortness of breath) caused by asthma. Controlling symptoms of asthma helps you maintain your normal activities and decreases time lost from work or school. Fluticasone belongs to a class of drugs known as corticosteroids. It works by reducing swelling (inflammation) of the airways in the lungs to make breathing easier. This medication must be used regularly to be effective. It does not work right away and should not be used to relieve sudden asthma attacks. If an asthma attack occurs, use your quick-relief inhaler (such as albuterol, also called salbutamol in some countries) as prescribed.

Hydroxyzine Hcl

Generic Formulation: Hydroxyzine HclSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 15
30-Day Fills 15.0
Days Supply 145
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims27.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills34.4
Peer Average Days Supply908
Conservative Utilization

This provider writes prescriptions for this formulation 44.4% less frequently than the standard regional baseline metric for practitioners inside MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $125.44 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$8.36

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$19.26

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

Hydroxyzine is used to treat itching caused by allergies. It is an antihistamine and works by blocking a certain natural substance (histamine) that your body makes during an allergic reaction. Hydroxyzine may also be used short-term to treat anxiety or to help you feel sleepy/relaxed before and after surgery.

Ketorolac Tromethamine

Generic Formulation: Ketorolac TromethamineSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 12
30-Day Fills 12.0
Days Supply 60
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims75.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills89.5
Peer Average Days Supply2,175
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 84.0% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $215.09 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$17.92

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$25.33

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent used for analgesia for postoperative pain and inhibits cyclooxygenase activity.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is used to temporarily relieve itching eyes caused by seasonal allergies. It is also used to prevent and treat eye swelling due to a certain type of eye surgery (cataract removal). Ketorolac belongs to a class of drugs known as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It works by blocking certain natural substances in your body to reduce pain and swelling.

Montelukast Sodium

Generic Formulation: Montelukast SodiumSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 14
30-Day Fills 14.0
Days Supply 420
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims50.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills112.9
Peer Average Days Supply3,367
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 72.0% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $64.58 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$4.61

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$19.21

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

Montelukast is used to control and prevent symptoms caused by asthma (such as wheezing and shortness of breath). It is also used before exercise to prevent breathing problems during exercise (bronchospasm). This medication can help decrease the number of times you need to use your quick relief inhaler. Montelukast is also used to relieve symptoms of hay fever and allergic rhinitis (such as sneezing, stuffy/runny/itchy nose). Since there are other allergy medications that may be safer (see also Warning section), this medication should be used for this condition only when you cannot take other allergy medications or they do not work well. This medication must be used regularly to be effective. It does not work right away and should not be used to relieve sudden asthma attacks or breathing problems. If an asthma attack or sudden shortness of breath occurs, use your quick-relief inhaler as prescribed. This drug works by blocking certain natural substances (leukotrienes) that may cause or worsen asthma and allergies. It helps make breathing easier by reducing swelling (inflammation) in the airways.

Mupirocin

Generic Formulation: MupirocinSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 21
30-Day Fills 24.5
Days Supply 514
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims32.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills32.8
Peer Average Days Supply579
Conservative Utilization

This provider writes prescriptions for this formulation 34.4% less frequently than the standard regional baseline metric for practitioners inside MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $206.85 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$9.85

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$9.44

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A topically used antibiotic from a strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens. It has shown excellent activity against gram-positive staphylococci and streptococci. The antibiotic is used primarily for the treatment of primary and secondary skin disorders, nasal infections, and wound healing.

Therapeutic Applications

Mupirocin is used to treat certain skin infections (such as impetigo). It is an antibiotic. It works by stopping the growth of certain bacteria.

Naproxen

Generic Formulation: NaproxenSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 15
30-Day Fills 15.0
Days Supply 240
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims27.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills36.3
Peer Average Days Supply993
Conservative Utilization

This provider writes prescriptions for this formulation 44.4% less frequently than the standard regional baseline metric for practitioners inside MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $137.58 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$9.17

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$13.53

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.

Therapeutic Applications

Naproxen is used to relieve mild to moderate pain from various conditions. It also reduces pain, swelling, and joint stiffness from arthritis. This medication is known as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It works by blocking your body's production of certain natural substances that cause inflammation. If you are treating a chronic condition such as arthritis, ask your doctor about non-drug treatments and/or using other medications to treat your pain. See also Warning section. This form of naproxen is absorbed slowly and should not be used for pain that needs quick relief (such as during a gout attack). Ask your doctor or pharmacist about using a different form of this drug or other medications for quick relief of pain.

Nitrofurantoin Mono-Macro

Generic Formulation: Nitrofurantoin Monohyd/M-CrystSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 16
30-Day Fills 16.0
Days Supply 115
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims23.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills25.5
Peer Average Days Supply259
Conservative Utilization

This provider writes prescriptions for this formulation 30.4% less frequently than the standard regional baseline metric for practitioners inside MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $196.43 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$12.28

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$23.19

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is an antibiotic used to treat bladder infections (acute cystitis). It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections. This medication should not be used in infants younger than 1 month old (see also Precautions section). This drug should not be used to treat infections outside the bladder (including kidney infections such as pyelonephritis or perinephric abscesses).

Nystatin

Generic Formulation: NystatinSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 25
30-Day Fills 25.0
Days Supply 465
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims23.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills24.8
Peer Average Days Supply492
Standard Average Utilization

This provider's prescribing patterns for this therapeutic formulation sit directly in line with standard baseline averages across MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $463.41 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$18.54

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$24.24

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3.

Therapeutic Applications

Nystatin is used to treat fungal skin infections. Nystatin is an antifungal that works by stopping the growth of fungus.

Ondansetron Odt

Generic Formulation: OndansetronSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 20
30-Day Fills 20.0
Days Supply 116
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims21.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills22.0
Peer Average Days Supply260
Standard Average Utilization

This provider's prescribing patterns for this therapeutic formulation sit directly in line with standard baseline averages across MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $518.81 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$25.94

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$22.55

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A competitive serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist. It is effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, and has reported anxiolytic and neuroleptic properties.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is used alone or with other medications to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by cancer drug treatment (chemotherapy) and radiation therapy. It is also used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting after surgery. Ondansetron works by blocking one of the body's natural substances (serotonin) that causes vomiting.

Prednisone

Generic Formulation: PrednisoneSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 303
30-Day Fills 303.0
Days Supply 3,387
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims44.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills55.5
Peer Average Days Supply991
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 588.6% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $1,113.37 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$3.67

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$5.76

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.

Therapeutic Applications

Prednisone is used to treat conditions such as arthritis, blood disorders, breathing problems, severe allergies, skin diseases, cancer, eye problems, and immune system disorders. Prednisone belongs to a class of drugs known as corticosteroids. It decreases your immune system's response to various diseases to reduce symptoms such as swelling and allergic-type reactions.

Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim

Generic Formulation: Sulfamethoxazole/TrimethoprimSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 41
30-Day Fills 41.0
Days Supply 323
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims24.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills27.1
Peer Average Days Supply361
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 70.8% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $88.96 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$2.17

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$4.38

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A drug combination with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is a combination of two antibiotics: sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. It is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections (such as middle ear, urine, respiratory, and intestinal infections). It is also used to prevent and treat a certain type of pneumonia (pneumocystis-type). This medication should not be used by children less than 2 months of age due to the risk of serious side effects. This medication treats only certain types of infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as flu). Unnecessary use or misuse of any antibiotic can lead to its decreased effectiveness.

Terbinafine Hcl

Generic Formulation: Terbinafine HclSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 11
30-Day Fills 11.4
Days Supply 224
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims20.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills28.6
Peer Average Days Supply808
Conservative Utilization

This provider writes prescriptions for this formulation 45.0% less frequently than the standard regional baseline metric for practitioners inside MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $67.37 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$6.12

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$13.34

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

Terbinafine is used to treat certain types of fungal infections (for example, of the fingernail or toenail). It works by stopping the growth of fungus. This medication belongs to a class of drugs known as antifungals.

Tizanidine Hcl

Generic Formulation: Tizanidine HclSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 15
30-Day Fills 15.0
Days Supply 113
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims40.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills49.6
Peer Average Days Supply1,324
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 62.5% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $63.36 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$4.22

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$14.72

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is used to treat muscle spasms caused by certain conditions (such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury). It works by helping to relax the muscles.

Triamcinolone Acetonide

Generic Formulation: Triamcinolone AcetonideSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 17
30-Day Fills 19.5
Days Supply 514
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims35.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills40.8
Peer Average Days Supply1,000
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 51.4% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $356.80 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$20.99

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$12.03

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

An esterified form of TRIAMCINOLONE. It is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. Intralesional, intramuscular, and intra-articular injections are also administered under certain conditions.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is used in a variety of conditions such as allergic disorders, arthritis, gout, blood diseases, breathing problems, certain cancers, eye diseases, intestinal disorders, collagen and skin diseases. Talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of triamcinolone, especially if it is to be injected near your spine (epidural). Rare but serious side effects may occur with epidural use. Triamcinolone is known as a corticosteroid hormone (glucocorticoid). It works by decreasing your body's immune response to these diseases and reduces symptoms such as swelling.

Valacyclovir

Generic Formulation: Valacyclovir HclSpecialty: Physician Assistant
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 12
30-Day Fills 12.0
Days Supply 85
MI State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims20.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills30.5
Peer Average Days Supply685
Conservative Utilization

This provider writes prescriptions for this formulation 40.0% less frequently than the standard regional baseline metric for practitioners inside MI. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $226.48 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$18.87

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$47.60

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A prodrug of acyclovir that is used in the treatment of HERPES ZOSTER and HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTION of the skin and mucous membranes, including GENITAL HERPES.

Therapeutic Applications

Valacyclovir is used to treat infections caused by certain types of viruses. In children, it is used to treat cold sores around the mouth (caused by herpes simplex) and chickenpox (caused by varicella zoster). In adults, it is used to treat shingles (caused by herpes zoster) and cold sores around the mouth. Valacyclovir is also used to treat outbreaks of genital herpes. In people with frequent outbreaks, this medication is used to reduce the number of future episodes. Valacyclovir is an antiviral drug. It stops the growth of certain viruses. However, it is not a cure for these infections. The viruses that cause these infections continue to live in the body even between outbreaks. Valacyclovir decreases the severity and length of these outbreaks. It helps the sores heal faster, keeps new sores from forming, and decreases pain/itching. This medication may also help reduce how long pain remains after the sores heal.

Dataset Methodology & CMS Source Information

This analytical profile maps public infrastructure records sourced directly from official **Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)** public data releases. The statistics above track documented pharmaceutical treatment trends assigned to beneficiaries specifically under federal public programs. Evaluating the prescriptive footprints of clinical practitioners like NICOLE ELISABETH MCCULLOUGH PA-C provides transparency into local medical care patterns within Swartz Creek, MI.

Key Learning Objectives for this Profile:

  • Prescribing Frequencies: Track and evaluate the volume metrics of specific brand-name and generic medical formulas chosen by this provider over time.
  • Clinical Focus Areas: Identify how the provider distributes therapeutic selections across medical care options to gain insight into their true day-to-day **Medical** practice concentrations.
  • Program Cost Awareness: Review the calculated total systemic drug costs and raw transactional volumes linked to these orders to better anticipate network insurance coverage structures.
  • Patient-Centered Evaluation: Cross-reference localized regional care comparisons to align practitioner habits directly with your proactive health maintenance goals.

Data Scope Exclusion & Limitations: The data elements presented above explicitly reflect prescription orders processed for Medicare beneficiaries during the year 2023. This informational profile does not aggregate prescription data for individuals utilizing private commercial health plans, state Medicaid coverage, or self-pay options. However, because medical decision-making remains highly consistent across clinical settings, this public registry provides a reliable proxy for understanding the general prescribing preferences and pharmaceutical care approach used by this provider.