MARYLU HARTLEY WILLIAMS FNP
Prescription History 1801176367
Nurse Practitioner - Family in Arden, NC


Quality Rating: 96.08 out of 100 score

NPI Status: Active since August 27, 2011

Contact Information

2775 HENDERSONVILLE RD STE 210
ARDEN, NC
ZIP 28704
Phone: (828) 435-8280

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Prescription History for Informed Healthcare Decisions

Explore the verified Medicare Part D prescription history, volume metrics, and calculated drug costs for MARYLU HARTLEY WILLIAMS FNP, an active Family specialist practicing in Arden, NC. Our medical registry currently tracks 16 unique pharmaceutical formulations prescribed by this provider, representing an estimated volume of 1,066 documented patient claims. Among these therapy options, the most frequently utilized medication is Tamsulosin Hcl, which accounts for 371 claims alone.


Alfuzosin Hcl Er

Generic Formulation: Alfuzosin HclSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 35
30-Day Fills 81.0
Days Supply 2,405
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims39.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills87.8
Peer Average Days Supply2,620
Standard Average Utilization

This provider's prescribing patterns for this therapeutic formulation sit directly in line with standard baseline averages across NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $488.85 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$13.97

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$28.24

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

Alfuzosin is used by men to treat the symptoms of an enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia-BPH). It does not shrink the prostate, but it works by relaxing the muscles in the prostate and the bladder. This helps to relieve symptoms of BPH such as difficulty in beginning the flow of urine, weak stream, and the need to urinate often or urgently (including during the middle of the night). Alfuzosin belongs to a class of drugs known as alpha blockers. Do not use this medication to treat high blood pressure.

Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Potass

Generic Formulation: Amoxicillin/Potassium ClavSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 21
30-Day Fills 21.0
Days Supply 248
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims25.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills25.8
Peer Average Days Supply231
Standard Average Utilization

This provider's prescribing patterns for this therapeutic formulation sit directly in line with standard baseline averages across NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $263.68 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$12.56

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$14.52

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A fixed-ratio combination of amoxicillin trihydrate and potassium clavulanate.

Therapeutic Applications

Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid is a combination penicillin-type antibiotic used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections.

Cefdinir

Generic Formulation: CefdinirSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 25
30-Day Fills 25.0
Days Supply 243
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims26.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills26.5
Peer Average Days Supply225
Standard Average Utilization

This provider's prescribing patterns for this therapeutic formulation sit directly in line with standard baseline averages across NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $382.19 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$15.29

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$20.86

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A third-generation oral cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used to treat bacterial infections of the respiratory tract and skin.

Therapeutic Applications

Cefdinir is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. This medication is known as a cephalosporin antibiotic. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections.

Ciprofloxacin Hcl

Generic Formulation: Ciprofloxacin HclSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 15
30-Day Fills 15.0
Days Supply 93
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims27.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills27.9
Peer Average Days Supply251
Conservative Utilization

This provider writes prescriptions for this formulation 44.4% less frequently than the standard regional baseline metric for practitioners inside NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $87.15 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$5.81

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$8.68

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is used to treat eye infections. Ciprofloxacin belongs to a class of drugs called quinolone antibiotics. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. This medication treats only bacterial eye infections. It will not work for other types of eye infections. Unnecessary use or overuse of any antibiotic can lead to its decreased effectiveness.

Doxycycline Monohydrate

Generic Formulation: Doxycycline MonohydrateSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 37
30-Day Fills 37.0
Days Supply 383
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims23.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills25.4
Peer Average Days Supply383
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 60.9% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $659.30 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$17.82

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$22.91

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A plant family of the order Dipsacales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. Members of this family are sometimes classified in CAPRIFOLIACEAE.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is used to treat a certain type of skin condition called rosacea. It helps to reduce the number of pimples and bumps on the face, but it may not decrease redness. It works by reducing skin inflammation caused by rosacea. Although doxycycline belongs to the class of antibiotics known as tetracyclines, this product does not work as an antibiotic because it does not stop the growth of bacteria. Do not use this product to treat any infection, including viral infections (such as the common cold, flu). Use this medication only as prescribed by your doctor.

Estradiol

Generic Formulation: EstradiolSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 56
30-Day Fills 87.8
Days Supply 2,519
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims30.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills70.5
Peer Average Days Supply2,100
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 86.7% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $5,541.35 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$98.95

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$67.90

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

The 17-beta-isomer of estradiol, an aromatized C18 steroid with hydroxyl group at 3-beta- and 17-beta-position. Estradiol-17-beta is the most potent form of mammalian estrogenic steroids.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is a female hormone (estrogen). It is used by women to help reduce symptoms of menopause (such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness). These symptoms are caused by the body making less estrogen. If you are using this medication to treat symptoms only in and around the vagina, products applied directly inside the vagina should be considered before medications that are taken by mouth, absorbed through the skin, or injected. This medication may also be used by women who are not able to produce enough estrogen (for example, due to hypogonadism, primary ovarian failure). Certain estrogen products may also be used by women after menopause to prevent bone loss (osteoporosis). However, there are other medications (such as raloxifene, bisphosphonates including alendronate) that are also effective in preventing bone loss and may be safer. These medications should be considered for use before estrogen treatment.

Finasteride

Generic Formulation: FinasterideSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 95
30-Day Fills 167.0
Days Supply 5,004
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims52.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills124.4
Peer Average Days Supply3,684
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 82.7% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $1,067.22 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$11.23

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$17.00

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

An orally active 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE inhibitor. It is used as a surgical alternative for treatment of benign PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.

Therapeutic Applications

Finasteride is used to shrink an enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia or BPH) in adult men. It may be used alone or taken in combination with other medications to reduce symptoms of BPH and may also reduce the need for surgery. Finasteride may improve symptoms of BPH and provide benefits such as decreased urge to urinate, better urine flow with less straining, less of a feeling that the bladder is not completely emptied, and decreased nighttime urination. This medication works by decreasing the amount of a natural body hormone (DHT) that causes growth of the prostate. Finasteride is not approved for prevention of prostate cancer. It may slightly increase the risk of developing a very serious form of prostate cancer. Talk to your doctor about the benefits and risks. Women and children should not use this medication.

Gemtesa

Generic Formulation: VibegronSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 61
30-Day Fills 77.7
Days Supply 2,330
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims33.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills45.6
Peer Average Days Supply1,327
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 84.8% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $38,067.79 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$624.06

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$644.92

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is used to treat overactive bladder. Overactive bladder is a problem with how your bladder stores urine that causes a sudden urge to urinate. The urge may be hard to control, and overactive bladder symptoms may include frequent urination, strong sudden urges to urinate, or involuntary loss of urine (incontinence). Vibegron works by relaxing a certain bladder muscle (detrusor), which helps the bladder hold more urine and lessens symptoms of overactive bladder.

Hydroxyzine Hcl

Generic Formulation: Hydroxyzine HclSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 22
30-Day Fills 25.0
Days Supply 750
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims30.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills38.1
Peer Average Days Supply992
Conservative Utilization

This provider writes prescriptions for this formulation 26.7% less frequently than the standard regional baseline metric for practitioners inside NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $162.82 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$7.40

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$20.12

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

Hydroxyzine is used to treat itching caused by allergies. It is an antihistamine and works by blocking a certain natural substance (histamine) that your body makes during an allergic reaction. Hydroxyzine may also be used short-term to treat anxiety or to help you feel sleepy/relaxed before and after surgery.

Levofloxacin

Generic Formulation: LevofloxacinSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 11
30-Day Fills 11.0
Days Supply 98
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims25.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills25.4
Peer Average Days Supply224
Highly Conservative Utilization

This provider demonstrates a highly selective approach to this formula, recording 56.0% less volume than the regional standard for practitioners inside NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $52.20 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$4.75

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$9.85

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. Levofloxacin belongs to a class of drugs known as quinolone antibiotics. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. Levofloxacin injection is used if you cannot take the medication by mouth. This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections.

Myrbetriq

Generic Formulation: MirabegronSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 127
30-Day Fills 138.6
Days Supply 4,143
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims44.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills62.7
Peer Average Days Supply1,787
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 188.6% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $63,728.34 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$501.80

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$613.71

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is used to treat certain bladder problems (overactive bladder, neurogenic detrusor overactivity). Overactive bladder is a problem with how your bladder stores urine. Neurogenic detrusor overactivity is a bladder control condition caused by brain, spinal cord, or nerve problems. Symptoms of these conditions may include frequent urination, strong sudden urges to urinate that are hard to control, or involuntary loss of urine (incontinence). Mirabegron works by relaxing a certain bladder muscle (detrusor), which helps the bladder hold more urine and lessens symptoms of overactive bladder and neurogenic detrusor overactivity.

Nitrofurantoin Mono-Macro

Generic Formulation: Nitrofurantoin Monohyd/M-CrystSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 53
30-Day Fills 58.0
Days Supply 788
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims24.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills25.8
Peer Average Days Supply262
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 120.8% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $1,069.78 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$20.18

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$26.03

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

This medication is an antibiotic used to treat bladder infections (acute cystitis). It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections. This medication should not be used in infants younger than 1 month old (see also Precautions section). This drug should not be used to treat infections outside the bladder (including kidney infections such as pyelonephritis or perinephric abscesses).

Oxybutynin Chloride

Generic Formulation: Oxybutynin ChlorideSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 39
30-Day Fills 61.0
Days Supply 1,590
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims25.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills45.7
Peer Average Days Supply1,301
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 56.0% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $616.75 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$15.81

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$23.11

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

This is a long-acting form of oxybutynin that is used to treat overactive bladder and urinary conditions. It relaxes the muscles in the bladder to help decrease problems of urgency and frequent urination. Oxybutynin belongs to a class of drugs known as antispasmodics. This medication is also used to treat children 6 years of age and older who have an overactive bladder due to certain nerve disorders (such as spina bifida).

Oxybutynin Chloride Er

Generic Formulation: Oxybutynin ChlorideSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 67
30-Day Fills 125.2
Days Supply 3,757
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims29.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills54.7
Peer Average Days Supply1,599
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 131.0% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $885.54 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$13.22

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$39.26

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

This is a long-acting form of oxybutynin that is used to treat overactive bladder and urinary conditions. It relaxes the muscles in the bladder to help decrease problems of urgency and frequent urination. Oxybutynin belongs to a class of drugs known as antispasmodics. This medication is also used to treat children 6 years of age and older who have an overactive bladder due to certain nerve disorders (such as spina bifida).

Solifenacin Succinate

Generic Formulation: Solifenacin SuccinateSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 31
30-Day Fills 43.0
Days Supply 1,290
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims28.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills50.2
Peer Average Days Supply1,486
Standard Average Utilization

This provider's prescribing patterns for this therapeutic formulation sit directly in line with standard baseline averages across NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $3,063.91 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$98.84

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$54.63

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Clinical Summary

A quinuclidine and tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and selective M3 MUSCARINIC ANTAGONIST. It is used as a UROLOGIC AGENT in the treatment of URINARY INCONTINENCE.

Therapeutic Applications

Solifenacin is used to treat an overactive bladder. By relaxing the muscles in the bladder, solifenacin improves your ability to control your urination. It helps to reduce leaking of urine, feelings of needing to urinate right away, and frequent trips to the bathroom. This medication belongs to the class of drugs known as antispasmodics.

Tamsulosin Hcl

Generic Formulation: Tamsulosin HclSpecialty: Nurse Practitioner
Provider Metrics Summary
Total Claims 371
30-Day Fills 686.0
Days Supply 20,579
NC State Average Benchmarks
Peer Average Claims79.0
Peer Average 30-Day Fills174.5
Peer Average Days Supply5,152
Highly Elevated Utilization

This provider exhibits a high preference for this treatment path, registering a volume 369.6% higher than the standard regional baseline profile for NC. Gross expenditures recorded under Medicare program tracking definitions for this provider calculate to an estimated aggregate of $5,600.02 across this reporting matrix range.

Provider Avg Cost Per Claim

$15.09

State Avg Cost Per Claim

$17.98

Note on Expenses: These indicators represent gross infrastructure resource tracking paid directly to supply pharmacy networks by Medicare Part D configurations. These calculations do not track individual patient insurance tier copays or out-of-pocket shelf prices at retail checkout lanes.

Therapeutic Applications

Tamsulosin is used by men to treat the symptoms of an enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia-BPH). It does not shrink the prostate, but it works by relaxing the muscles in the prostate and the bladder. This helps to relieve symptoms of BPH such as difficulty in beginning the flow of urine, weak stream, and the need to urinate often or urgently (including during the middle of the night). Tamsulosin belongs to a class of drugs known as alpha blockers. Do not use this medication to treat high blood pressure.

Dataset Methodology & CMS Source Information

This analytical profile maps public infrastructure records sourced directly from official **Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)** public data releases. The statistics above track documented pharmaceutical treatment trends assigned to beneficiaries specifically under federal public programs. Evaluating the prescriptive footprints of clinical practitioners like MARYLU HARTLEY WILLIAMS FNP provides transparency into local medical care patterns within Arden, NC.

Key Learning Objectives for this Profile:

  • Prescribing Frequencies: Track and evaluate the volume metrics of specific brand-name and generic medical formulas chosen by this provider over time.
  • Clinical Focus Areas: Identify how the provider distributes therapeutic selections across medical care options to gain insight into their true day-to-day **Family** practice concentrations.
  • Program Cost Awareness: Review the calculated total systemic drug costs and raw transactional volumes linked to these orders to better anticipate network insurance coverage structures.
  • Patient-Centered Evaluation: Cross-reference localized regional care comparisons to align practitioner habits directly with your proactive health maintenance goals.

Data Scope Exclusion & Limitations: The data elements presented above explicitly reflect prescription orders processed for Medicare beneficiaries during the year 2023. This informational profile does not aggregate prescription data for individuals utilizing private commercial health plans, state Medicaid coverage, or self-pay options. However, because medical decision-making remains highly consistent across clinical settings, this public registry provides a reliable proxy for understanding the general prescribing preferences and pharmaceutical care approach used by this provider.